We present the optimization and upscaling of water-based nanoparticle inks based on a novel donor-acceptor pair consisting of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) and a newly developed indene-C₆₀ multiadducts (ICxA) that is comprised of indene-C₆₀ monoadduct (ICMA), indene-C₆₀ bisadduct (ICBA), and indene-C₆₀ trisadduct (ICTA). This material system has been used as a case study to explore the transition from OPV materials optimised for small-scale spin-coating to those optimised for large-scale printing. In particular, we have explored the effects of transitioning from a small-scale BHJ ink formulated from a high-cost acceptor to a large-scale NP ink formulated from a low-cost fullerene mixture. We show that it is possible to use a low-cost acceptor and to formulate the inks at scale with no loss in device performance.

我们基于由聚（3-己基噻吩）（P3HT）和新开发的由茚-C组成的茚-C ₆₀多加合物（ICxA）组成的新型供体-受体对，提出了基于水的纳米粒子油墨的优化和放大₆₀单加合物（ICMA），茚-C ₆₀双加合物（ICBA）和茚-C ₆₀trisadduct（ICTA）。该材料系统已被用作案例研究，以探索从为小规模旋涂优化的OPV材料到为大规模印刷优化的材料的过渡。特别是，我们探索了从由高价受体配制的小规模BHJ油墨过渡到由低成本富勒烯混合物配制的大规模NP油墨的影响。我们表明，可以使用低成本受体并按比例配制油墨，而不会降低设备性能。