This article demonstrates a new smartphone-based reusable glucose meter. The glucose meter includes a custom-built smartphone case that houses a permanent bare sensor strip, a stylus that is loaded with enzyme-carbon composite pellets, and sensor instrumentation circuits. A custom-designed Android-based software application was developed to enable easy and clear display of measured glucose concentration. A typical test involves the user loading the software, using the stylus to dispense an enzymatic pellet on top of the bare sensor strip affixed to the case, and then introducing the sample. The electronic module then acquires and wirelessly transmits the data to the application software to be displayed on the screen. The deployed pellet is then discarded to regain the fresh bare sensor surface. Such a unique working principle allows the system to overcome challenges faced by previously reported reusable sensors, such as enzyme degradation, leaching, and hysteresis effects. Studies reveal that the enzyme loaded in the pellets are stable for up to 8 months at ambient conditions, and generate reproducible sensor signals. The work illustrates the significance of the pellet-based sensing system towards realizing a reusable, point-of-care sensor that snugly fits around a smartphone and which does not face issues usually common to reusable sensors. The versatility of this system allows it to be easily modified to detect other analytes for application in a wide range of healthcare, environmental and defense domains.

中文翻译：

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集成到智能手机平台中的可重复使用的电化学葡萄糖传感器。

本文展示了一种基于智能手机的新型可重复使用血糖仪。血糖仪包括一个定制的智能手机外壳，里面装有永久裸露的传感器条、装有酶碳复合颗粒的手写笔和传感器仪表电路。开发了一个定制设计的基于 Android 的软件应用程序，可以轻松清晰地显示测量的葡萄糖浓度。典型的测试包括用户加载软件，使用手写笔将酶颗粒分配到固定在外壳上的裸露传感器条的顶部，然后引入样品。然后电子模块获取数据并无线传输至应用软件以显示在屏幕上。然后丢弃部署的颗粒以重新获得新鲜的裸露传感器表面。这种独特的工作原理使该系统能够克服先前报道的可重复使用传感器所面临的挑战，例如酶降解、浸出和滞后效应。研究表明，颗粒中装载的酶在环境条件下可稳定长达 8 个月，并产生可重复的传感器信号。这项工作说明了基于颗粒的传感系统对于实现可重复使用的护理点传感器的重要性，该传感器紧密贴合智能手机，并且不会面临可重复使用传感器通常常见的问题。该系统的多功能性使其可以轻松修改以检测其他分析物，从而应用于广泛的医疗保健、环境和国防领域。