Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been developed for a number of indications due to their regenerative and anti-inflammatory phenotypes and their utility is enhanced by the fact that allogeneic transplant is feasible with this cell type. Animal studies and early human cases indicate that this has the potential to be an exciting new therapy for treating chronic non-healing wounds such as diabetic ulcers, burns and cutaneous radiation burns. This review will focus on the use of MSCs to treat thermal and radiation burns. Large, severe burns are difficult to treat and pose a major public health burden worldwide. They are characterized by an extensive loss of the outer protective barrier, delayed wound healing, increased oxidative stress and a heightened inflammatory state. The breakdown of the protective barrier results in increased susceptibility to fluid loss and bacterial sepsis. In the case of radiation burns, chronic inflammation can result in subsequent waves of tissue injury leading to skin breakdown and necrosis. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge on MSCs in treating thermal and radiation burns along with the specific scope of characterizing the biologic function of MSCs that help enhance wound healing in these chronic injuries.

间充质干细胞（MSCs）的再生和抗炎表型已经被开发用于多种适应症，并且同种异体移植对于这种细胞类型是可行的，从而增强了其实用性。动物研究和人类早期病例表明，这有可能成为治疗慢性非愈合伤口（如糖尿病性溃疡，烧伤和皮肤放射性烧伤）的令人兴奋的新疗法。这次审查将集中于使用MSC来治疗热灼伤和辐射灼伤。严重的大面积烧伤难以治疗，在世界范围内构成重大的公共卫生负担。它们的特征是外部保护屏障的大量丧失，伤口愈合的延迟，氧化应激的增加和炎性状态的增强。保护性屏障的破坏导致对液体流失和细菌性败血症的敏感性增加。在放射线灼伤的情况下，慢性发炎会导致随后的组织损伤浪潮，从而导致皮肤破裂和坏死。这篇综述的目的是总结关于MSC在治疗热灼伤和放射线烧伤方面的最新知识，以及表征MSCs生物学功能的具体范围，以帮助增强这些慢性损伤的伤口愈合。