AbstractThe use of ternary heterojunctions can lead to superior performance in photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensing. This can be ascribed to effective separation and reduced recombination probability of photogenerated electron-hole pairs. The authors describe the rational design of ternary heterojunctions comoposed of BiOCl, BiVO4 and nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CDs). They exhibit enhanced photocurrent compared to the use of BiOCl/BiVO4, BiOCl, or BiVO4. The new material was used in a sensor platform for detection of the neurotransmitter dopamine (DA). Under zero voltage and visible light excitation, DA can be detected in the 1 pM to 10 μM concentration range, with a 0.3 pM lower detection limit (at an S/N ratio of 3). The sensor has rapid response and was applied to the determination of DA in spiked serum samples. Notably, this work also may assist in a better understanding of the relationship between kind of ternary heterojunctions and PEC performance. Conceivably, it can be extended to other PEC sensor platform and other photocatalytic system associated with photoactive materials. Graphical abstractVisible-light-active BiOCl/BiVO4/N-CD (nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots) ternary heterojunctions with superior performance are used in a sensor platform for detection of dopamine (DA). The sensor has rapid response and was applied to the determination of DA in spiked serum samples.

中文翻译：

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用于光电化学传感的由 BiOCl、BiVO4 和掺氮碳量子点组成的三元异质结：有效的电荷分离及其在多巴胺超灵敏传感中的应用

摘要三元异质结的使用可以在光电化学 (PEC) 传感中带来卓越的性能。这可以归因于光生电子-空穴对的有效分离和降低的复合概率。作者描述了由 BiOCl、BiVO4 和掺氮碳量子点 (N-CD) 组成的三元异质结的合理设计。与使用 BiOCl/BiVO4、BiOCl 或 BiVO4 相比，它们表现出增强的光电流。这种新材料用于传感器平台，用于检测神经递质多巴胺 (DA)。在零电压和可见光激发下，可以在 1 pM 到 10 μM 的浓度范围内检测到 DA，检测下限为 0.3 pM（信噪比为 3）。该传感器响应速度快，应用于加标血清样品中DA的测定。尤其，这项工作也有助于更好地理解三元异质结种类与 PEC 性能之间的关系。可以想象，它可以扩展到其他 PEC 传感器平台和其他与光活性材料相关的光催化系统。图形摘要具有卓越性能的可见光活性 BiOCl/BiVO4/N-CD（掺氮碳量子点）三元异质结用于检测多巴胺 (DA) 的传感器平台。该传感器响应速度快，应用于加标血清样品中DA的测定。图形摘要具有卓越性能的可见光活性 BiOCl/BiVO4/N-CD（掺氮碳量子点）三元异质结用于检测多巴胺 (DA) 的传感器平台。该传感器响应速度快，应用于加标血清样品中DA的测定。图形摘要具有卓越性能的可见光活性 BiOCl/BiVO4/N-CD（掺氮碳量子点）三元异质结用于检测多巴胺 (DA) 的传感器平台。该传感器响应速度快，应用于加标血清样品中DA的测定。