Lipid droplets (LDs) are ubiquitous organelles that store neutral lipids for energy or membrane synthesis and act as hubs for metabolic processes. Cells generate LDs de novo, converting cells to emulsions with LDs constituting the dispersed oil phase in the aqueous cytoplasm. Here we review our current view of LD biogenesis. We present a model of LD formation from the ER in distinct steps and highlight the biology of proteins that govern this biophysical process. Areas of incomplete knowledge are identified, as are connections with physiology and diseases linked to alterations in LD biology.

中文翻译：

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脂滴生物发生。

脂滴 (LD) 是无处不在的细胞器，可储存中性脂质以进行能量或膜合成，并充当代谢过程的枢纽。细胞从头产生 LD，将细胞转化为乳液，其中 LD 构成水性细胞质中的分散油相。在这里，我们回顾了我们目前对 LD 生物发生的看法。我们以不同的步骤展示了从 ER 形成 LD 的模型，并强调了控制这一生物物理过程的蛋白质的生物学。确定了不完整知识的领域，以及与 LD 生物学改变相关的生理学和疾病的联系。