A square-grid triboelectric nanogenerator (SG-TENG) is demonstrated for harvesting vibrational energy and sensing impulsive forces. Each square of the three-dimensional (3D)-printed square grid is filled with an aluminum (Al) ball. The grid structure allows the SG-TENG to harvest vibrational energy over a broad bandwidth and operate at different vibrational angles. The most striking feature of the SG-TENG is its ability of being scaled and integrated. After connecting two SG-TENGs in parallel, the open-circuit voltage and short-circuit current are significantly increased over the full vibrational frequency range. Being integrated with a table tennis racket, the SG-TENG can harvest the vibrational energy from hitting a ping pong ball using the racket, where a direct hit by the racket generates an average output voltage of 10.9 ± 0.6 V and an average output current of 0.09 ± 0.02 μA. Moreover, the SG-TENG integrated into a focus mitt can be used in various combat sports, such as boxing and taekwondo, to monitor the frequency and magnitude of the punches or kicks from boxers and other practitioners. The collected data allow athletes to monitor their status and improve their performance skills. This work demonstrates the enormous potential of the SG-TENG in energy harvesting and sensing applications.

中文翻译：

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集成方栅摩擦纳米发电机作为振动能量收集器和脉冲力传感器

演示了方栅摩擦电纳米发电机（SG-TENG）用于收集振动能量和感测脉冲力。三维（3D）打印的正方形网格的每个正方形都填充有铝（Al）球。网格结构使SG-TENG可以在较宽的带宽内收集振动能量，并在不同的振动角度下运行。SG-TENG最引人注目的功能是其可扩展和集成的能力。并联连接两个SG-TENG后，在整个振动频率范围内，开路电压和短路电流会显着增加。SG-TENG与乒乓球拍集成在一起，可以通过使用球拍击打乒乓球来收集振动能量，其中，球拍的直接击打会产生10.9±0的平均输出电压。6 V，平均输出电流为0.09±0.02μA。此外，集成到聚焦手套中的SG-TENG可用于各种搏击运动中，例如拳击和跆拳道，以监视拳击手和其他从业人员拳打或踢拳的频率和强度。收集的数据使运动员能够监控自己的状态并提高他们的表演技能。这项工作证明了SG-TENG在能量收集和传感应用中的巨大潜力。