The intestinal microbiota has been implicated in insulin resistance, although evidence regarding causality in humans is scarce. We therefore studied the effect of lean donor (allogenic) versus own (autologous) fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) to male recipients with the metabolic syndrome. Whereas we did not observe metabolic changes at 18 weeks after FMT, insulin sensitivity at 6 weeks after allogenic FMT was significantly improved, accompanied by altered microbiota composition. We also observed changes in plasma metabolites such as γ-aminobutyric acid and show that metabolic response upon allogenic FMT (defined as improved insulin sensitivity 6 weeks after FMT) is dependent on decreased fecal microbial diversity at baseline. In conclusion, the beneficial effects of lean donor FMT on glucose metabolism are associated with changes in intestinal microbiota and plasma metabolites and can be predicted based on baseline fecal microbiota composition.

中文翻译：

---

基线肠道菌群组成驱动代谢综合征中献血者粪便稀少后胰岛素敏感性的改善。

尽管缺乏关于人类因果关系的证据，但肠道菌群与胰岛素抵抗有关。因此，我们研究了瘦供体（同种异体）与自身（自体）粪便微生物菌群移植（FMT）对患有代谢综合征的男性接受者的影响。尽管我们未观察到FMT后18周的代谢变化，但同种异体FMT后6周的胰岛素敏感性得到了显着改善，并伴有微生物群组成的改变。我们还观察到血浆代谢物（例如γ-氨基丁酸）的变化，并表明同种异体FMT（定义为FMT后6周改善的胰岛素敏感性）的代谢反应取决于基线粪便微生物多样性的降低。综上所述，