Here we report that monkeys raised without exposure to faces did not develop face domains, but did develop domains for other categories and did show normal retinotopic organization, indicating that early face deprivation leads to a highly selective cortical processing deficit. Therefore, experience must be necessary for the formation (or maintenance) of face domains. Gaze tracking revealed that control monkeys looked preferentially at faces, even at ages prior to the emergence of face domains, but face-deprived monkeys did not, indicating that face looking is not innate. A retinotopic organization is present throughout the visual system at birth, so selective early viewing behavior could bias category-specific visual responses toward particular retinotopic representations, thereby leading to domain formation in stereotyped locations in inferotemporal cortex, without requiring category-specific templates or biases. Thus, we propose that environmental importance influences viewing behavior, viewing behavior drives neuronal activity, and neuronal activity sculpts domain formation.

中文翻译：

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看到脸对于形成脸域是必不可少的

在这里我们报告说，不暴露于脸部而养的猴子没有形成脸部区域，但确实形成了其他类别的区域，并且确实表现出正常的视网膜组织，表明早期的脸部剥夺导致高度选择性的皮质加工缺陷。因此，必须有经验才能形成（或维护）面部区域。凝视追踪显示，即使在脸域出现之前的年龄，对照猴子也优先看脸，但脸被剥夺的猴子却没有，这表明脸不是先天的。视网膜组织在出生时整个视觉系统中都存在，因此选择性的早期观看行为可能会使类别特定的视觉反应偏向特定的视网膜组织表现，从而导致在颞下皮质的定型位置中形成域，而无需类别特定的模板或偏见。因此，我们建议环境重要性影响观看行为，观看行为驱动神经元活动，和神经元活动雕刻域的形成。