Spurred by Millennium Development Goal (MDG) 4, substantial progress in reducing child deaths was made between 1990 and 2015 around the world. The global under-5 mortality rate decreased from 90·6 deaths per 1000 livebirths in 1990 to 42·5 in 2015, a reduction of 53%.¹ This equated to a worldwide reduction in annual number of under-5 deaths from 12·7 million to 5·9 million.¹ Although this is an enormous accomplishment, and has been celebrated, these and other analyses have made clear that achievements varied considerably by cause of death,² region,^3,4 and country.

中文翻译：

---

精准公共卫生：绘制非洲儿童死亡率图

在千年发展目标 (MDG) 4 的推动下，1990 年至 2015 年间，全世界在减少儿童死亡方面取得了重大进展。全球 5 岁以下儿童死亡率从 1990 年的每 1000 名活产婴儿死亡 90·6 人下降到 2015 年的 42·5 人，下降了 53%。¹这相当于全球每年 5 岁以下儿童死亡人数从 12·7 百万减少到 5·9 百万。¹尽管这是一项巨大的成就，并且值得庆祝，但这些分析和其他分析清楚地表明，成就因死亡原因、²地区、^3,4和国家而有很大差异。