Acetyl-coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) is a central metabolite and the acetyl source for protein acetylation, particularly histone acetylation that promotes gene expression. However, the effect of acetyl-CoA levels on histone acetylation status in plants remains unknown. Here, we show that malfunctioned cytosolic acetyl-CoA carboxylase1 (ACC1) in Arabidopsis leads to elevated levels of acetyl-CoA and promotes histone hyperacetylation predominantly at lysine 27 of histone H3 (H3K27). The increase of H3K27 acetylation (H3K27ac) is dependent on adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-citrate lyase which cleaves citrate to acetyl-CoA in the cytoplasm, and requires histone acetyltransferase GCN5. A comprehensive analysis of the transcriptome and metabolome in combination with the genome-wide H3K27ac profiles of acc1 mutants demonstrate the dynamic changes in H3K27ac, gene transcripts and metabolites occurring in the cell by the increased levels of acetyl-CoA. This study suggests that H3K27ac is an important link between cytosolic acetyl-CoA level and gene expression in response to the dynamic metabolic environments in plants.

中文翻译：

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拟南芥中的胞质乙酰辅酶A主要在H3K27处促进组蛋白乙酰化。

乙酰辅酶A（乙酰辅酶A）是一种中心代谢产物，是蛋白质乙酰化（特别是促进基因表达的组蛋白乙酰化）的乙酰基来源。然而，乙酰辅酶A水平对植物中组蛋白乙酰化状态的影响仍然未知。在这里，我们显示拟南芥中发生故障的胞质乙酰辅酶A羧化酶1（ACC1）导致乙酰辅酶A水平升高，并主要促进组蛋白H3（H3K27）的赖氨酸27处的组蛋白超乙酰化。H3K27乙酰化（H3K27ac）的增加取决于三磷酸腺苷（ATP）柠檬酸裂解酶，该裂解酶在细胞质中将柠檬酸裂解为乙酰CoA，并需要组蛋白乙酰转移酶GCN5。对转录组和代谢组以及acc1突变体的全基因组H3K27ac谱进行综合分析，证明了H3K27ac的动态变化，乙酰辅酶A水平升高会在细胞中产生基因转录本和代谢产物。这项研究表明，H3K27ac是响应植物动态代谢环境的胞质乙酰辅酶A水平与基因表达之间的重要纽带。