In this paper, we have developed a high-performance graphene electrothermal actuator (ETA). The fabrication method is easy, fast, environmentally friendly, and suitable for preparing both large-size and miniature graphene ETAs. When applied with the driving voltage of 65 V, the graphene ETA achieves a large bending angle of 270° with a fast response of 8 s and the recovery process costs 19 s. The large bending deformation is reversible and can be precisely controlled by the driving voltage. A simple robotic hand prepared by using a single graphene ETA can hold the object, which is more than ten times the weight of itself. By virtue of its large-strain, fast response, and easy-to-manufacture, we believe that the graphene ETA has tremendous potential in extensive applications involving biomimetic robotics, artificial muscles, switches, and microsensors in both macroscopic and microscopic fields.

中文翻译：

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基于激光还原氧化石墨烯的大应变、快速响应、易于制造的电热致动器

在本文中，我们开发了一种高性能石墨烯电热致动器（ETA）。该制备方法简单、快速、环保，适用于制备大尺寸和微型石墨烯 ETA。当施加65 V的驱动电压时，石墨烯ETA实现了270°的大弯曲角，8秒的快速响应和19秒的恢复过程。大的弯曲变形是可逆的，可以通过驱动电压精确控制。使用单个石墨烯 ETA 制备的简单机械手可以握住物体，其重量是自身重量的十倍以上。凭借其大应变、快速响应和易于制造的特点，我们相信石墨烯 ETA 在涉及仿生机器人、人造肌肉、开关、