Nanomaterials in the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infections,Advanced Healthcare Materials

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Nanomaterials in the Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infections
Advanced Healthcare Materials ( IF 10.0 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-21 , DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201700509
Kaijin Xu ₁ , Zhen Chang Liang ₂ , Xin Ding ₂ , Haiyang Hu ₁ , Shaoqiong Liu ₂ , Martin Nurmik ₂ , Sheng Bi ₁ , Feishu Hu ₁ , Zhongkang Ji ₁ , Jingjing Ren ₁ , Shigui Yang ₁ , Yi Yan Yang ₂ , Lanjuan Li ₁

Affiliation

Despite the tremendous advancements that have been made in biomedical research, Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) still remains one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide, outpacing the Human Immunodeficiency Virus as a leading cause of death from an infectious disease. In the light of such significant disease burden, tremendous efforts have been made worldwide to stem this burgeoning spread of disease. The use of nanomaterials in TB management has increased in the past decade, particularly in the areas of early TB detection, prevention, and treatment. Nanomaterials have been proven to be efficacious in the rapid and accurate detection of TB pathogens. Novel nanocarriers have also shown tremendous promise in improving drug delivery, potentially enhancing drug concentrations in target organs while at the same time, reducing treatment frequency. In addition, the engineering of antigen nanocarriers represents an exciting front in TB research, potentially paving the way for the successful development of a new class of effective TB vaccines. This article discusses epidemiology and pathogenesis of TB infections, current TB therapeutics, advanced nanomaterials for anti‐TB drug delivery, and TB vaccines. In addition, challenges and future perspectives in developing safe and effective nanomaterials in TB diagnosis and therapy are also presented.

中文翻译：

纳米材料在结核分枝杆菌感染的预防，诊断和治疗中

尽管生物医学研究取得了巨大进展，但结核分枝杆菌（TB）仍然是全球十大死亡原因之一，超过了人类免疫缺陷病毒，成为导致传染病死亡的主要原因。鉴于如此巨大的疾病负担，全世界为阻止这种迅速发展的疾病做出了巨大的努力。在过去的十年中，纳米材料在结核病管理中的使用有所增加，特别是在早期结核病的发现，预防和治疗领域。纳米材料已被证明可快速，准确地检测出结核病病原体。新型纳米载体在改善药物输送，潜在地提高靶器官中药物浓度，同时降低治疗频率方面也显示出巨大的希望。此外，抗原纳米载体的工程设计代表了结核病研究的激动人心的前沿，可能为成功开发新型有效结核疫苗铺平道路。本文讨论了结核感染的流行病学和发病机理，当前的结核治疗方法，用于抗结核药物递送的先进纳米材料以及结核疫苗。此外，还提出了在结核病诊断和治疗中开发安全有效的纳米材料所面临的挑战和未来展望。

更新日期：2017-09-21

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