Charge storage at the nanoscale: understanding the trends from the molecular scale perspective,Journal of Materials Chemistry A

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Charge storage at the nanoscale: understanding the trends from the molecular scale perspective
Journal of Materials Chemistry A ( IF 10.7 ) Pub Date : 2017-08-29 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7ta05153k
Jenel Vatamanu _{1,

2,

3,

4,

5} , Oleg Borodin _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Marco Olguin _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Gleb Yushin _{4,

6,

7,

8} , Dmitry Bedrov _{4,

5,

9,

10}

Affiliation

Supercapacitors or electrical double layer (EDL) capacitors store charge via rearrangement of ions in electrolytes and their adsorption on electrode surfaces. They are actively researched for multiple applications requiring longer cycling life, broader operational temperature ranges, and higher power density compared to batteries. Recent developments in nanostructured carbon-based electrodes with a high specific surface area have demonstrated the potential to significantly increase the energy density of supercapacitors. Molecular modeling of electrolytes near charged electrode surfaces has provided key insights into the fundamental aspects of charge storage at the nanoscale, including an understanding of the mechanisms of ion adsorption and dynamics at flat surfaces and inside nanopores, and the influence of curvature, roughness, and electronic structure of electrode surfaces. Here we review these molecular modeling findings for EDL capacitors, dual ion batteries and pseudo-capacitors together with available experimental observations and put this analysis into the perspective of future developments in this field. Current research trends and future directions are discussed.

中文翻译：

纳米级的电荷存储：从分子规模的角度了解趋势

超级电容器或双电层（EDL）电容器通过以下方式存储电荷电解质中离子的重排及其在电极表面的吸附。与电池相比，它们在需要更长循环寿命，更宽工作温度范围和更高功率密度的多种应用中得到了积极的研究。具有高比表面积的纳米结构碳基电极的最新发展表明，可以显着提高超级电容器的能量密度。靠近带电电极表面的电解质的分子模型提供了有关纳米级电荷存储基本方面的关键见解，包括对平面和纳米孔内部离子吸附和动力学的机理的理解，以及曲率，粗糙度和电离的影响。电极表面的电子结构。在这里，我们将对EDL电容器，双离子电池和伪电容器的这些分子建模发现以及可用的实验观察进行回顾，并将这种分析纳入该领域未来发展的视角。讨论了当前的研究趋势和未来的方向。

更新日期：2017-09-21

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