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The Eukaryotic CO2-Concentrating Organelle Is Liquid-like and Exhibits Dynamic Reorganization.
Cell ( IF 45.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-Sep-21 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2017.08.008
Elizabeth S Freeman Rosenzweig 1 , Bin Xu 2 , Luis Kuhn Cuellar 3 , Antonio Martinez-Sanchez 3 , Miroslava Schaffer 3 , Mike Strauss 4 , Heather N Cartwright 5 , Pierre Ronceray 6 , Jürgen M Plitzko 3 , Friedrich Förster 3 , Ned S Wingreen 7 , Benjamin D Engel 3 , Luke C M Mackinder 5 , Martin C Jonikas 8
Affiliation  

Approximately 30%-40% of global CO2 fixation occurs inside a non-membrane-bound organelle called the pyrenoid, which is found within the chloroplasts of most eukaryotic algae. The pyrenoid matrix is densely packed with the CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco and is thought to be a crystalline or amorphous solid. Here, we show that the pyrenoid matrix of the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is not crystalline but behaves as a liquid that dissolves and condenses during cell division. Furthermore, we show that new pyrenoids are formed both by fission and de novo assembly. Our modeling predicts the existence of a "magic number" effect associated with special, highly stable heterocomplexes that influences phase separation in liquid-like organelles. This view of the pyrenoid matrix as a phase-separated compartment provides a paradigm for understanding its structure, biogenesis, and regulation. More broadly, our findings expand our understanding of the principles that govern the architecture and inheritance of liquid-like organelles.

中文翻译:


真核生物浓缩 CO2 的细胞器呈液体状并表现出动态重组。



全球大约 30%-40% 的 CO 2固定发生在称为类核的非膜结合细胞器内,该细胞器存在于大多数真核藻类的叶绿体中。蛋白核基质密集地填充有CO 2固定酶Rubisco,并且被认为是结晶或无定形固体。在这里,我们证明单细胞藻类莱茵衣藻的蛋白核基质不是晶体,而是在细胞分裂过程中表现为溶解和凝结的液体。此外,我们表明新的蛋白核是通过裂变和从头组装形成的。我们的模型预测存在与特殊的、高度稳定的异质复合物相关的“幻数”效应,该效应影响类液体细胞器的相分离。这种将蛋白核基质视为相分离隔室的观点为理解其结构、生物发生和调节提供了范例。更广泛地说,我们的发现扩展了我们对控制类液体细胞器的结构和遗传的原理的理解。
更新日期:2017-09-21
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