Until recently, 20% to 30% of pediatric B-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia (BCP-ALL) could not be classified into any of the established molecular subtypes. Recent molecular studies of such cases have, however, further clarified their mutational spectrum and identified new oncogenic subtypes consisting of cases with DUX4 rearrangements, ETV6-RUNX1–like gene expression, MEF2D rearrangements, and ZNF384 rearrangements. In this review, we describe these new subtypes, which account for up to 50% of previously unclassified pediatric BCP-ALL cases.

中文翻译：

---

小儿B细胞前体急性淋巴细胞白血病的新致癌亚型

直到最近，尚不能将20％至30％的小儿B细胞前体急性淋巴细胞白血病（BCP-ALL）归类为任何已建立的分子亚型。然而，最近对此类病例的分子研究进一步阐明了它们的突变谱，并鉴定了新的致癌亚型，包括具有DUX4重排，类似ETV6-RUNX1的基因表达，MEF2D重排和ZNF384重排的病例。在这篇综述中，我们描述了这些新的亚型，这些亚型最多占先前未分类小儿BCP-ALL病例的50％。