Solar steam generation is a promising water treatment technique which can harvest solar energy for water purification. In our work, for the first time, we designed a jellyfish-like solar steam generator that consists of the porous carbon black/graphene oxide (CB/GO) composite layer (body), aligned GO pillars (tentacles) and expanded polystyrene (EPS) matrix. The jellyfish-like evaporator was fabricated using the vertical three-dimensional (3D) printing technique, which can fast, automatically and precisely manufacture sophisticated components. The vertical GO pillars were directly 3D printed on and thus attached to the porous CB/GO composite layer. The porous CB/GO composite layer possesses a high broadband light absorption (99.0%) within a wavelength range from 250 to 2500 nm. The linear water transport inside the GO pillars can greatly decrease the contact area between the evaporation layer and bulk water, effectively suppressing the heat dissipation. The assembled evaporator displays an impressive energy conversion efficiency of 87.5% under one-sun illumination (1 kW cm⁻²) and superior water desalination performance. The ion concentrations (Na⁺, K⁺, Mg²⁺ and Ca²⁺ ions) of the seawater (Dead Sea and Chesapeake Bay) after purification are far below the ion concentration limit set by the World Health Organization (WHO) for drinking water. The jellyfish-like evaporator provides an effective water purification solution to alleviate the problem of water scarcity.

中文翻译：

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一维水输运的基于氧化石墨烯的蒸发器，可实现高效的太阳能脱盐

产生太阳能蒸汽是一种有前途的水处理技术，可以收集太阳能进行净水。在我们的工作中，我们首次设计了一种类似于水母的太阳能蒸汽发生器，该发生器由多孔炭黑/氧化石墨烯（CB / GO）复合层（主体），对齐的GO柱（触角）和膨胀聚苯乙烯（EPS）组成。 ） 矩阵。使用垂直三维（3D）打印技术制造出类似于水母的蒸发器，该技术可以快速，自动和精确地制造复杂的组件。垂直GO支柱直接3D打印在多孔CB / GO复合层上，并因此附着在多孔CB / GO复合层上。多孔CB / GO复合层在250至2500nm的波长范围内具有高的宽带光吸收率（99.0％）。GO支柱内部的线性水传输可以大大减小蒸发层与散装水之间的接触面积，从而有效地抑制了散热。组装后的蒸发器在一个阳光照射下（1 kW cm）显示出令人印象深刻的87.5％的能量转换效率^-2）和优异的水脱盐性能。净化后的海水（死海和切萨皮克湾）的离子浓度（Na ⁺，K ⁺，Mg ²⁺和Ca ²⁺离子）远低于世界卫生组织（WHO）为饮用水设定的离子浓度极限。类水母蒸发器提供了一种有效的水净化解决方案，以缓解缺水问题。