Improving the gas-sensing performance of semiconducting metal oxide nanocomposites by optimizing their structure and composition has attracted an increasing interest. In this paper, a reliable sacrificial template method was developed to fabricate a series of SnO₂/Zn₂SnO₄ (TZTO) nanostructures, including TZTO porous cubes (TZTO-PCs), TZTO porous hollow cubes (TZTO-PHCs), and NiO-decorated TZTO porous hollow cubes (NTZTO-PHCs). ZnSn(OH)₆ solid cubes (ZHS-SCs) with the edge-length about 500 nm were first synthesized by a facile sonochemistry method, and then chemically etched in NaOH aqueous solution to prepare ZHS hollow cubes (HCs). By using the as-prepared ZHS-SCs and ZHS-HCs as sacrificial templates, TZTO-PCs, TZTO-PHCs, and NTZTO-PHCs with different NiO contents were easily synthesized, respectively. It was found that through the structure evolution from PC to PHC, the sensitivity of TZTO to ethanol was remarkably improved. Significantly, superior ethanol-sensing properties, such as lower optimal operating temperature, higher sensitivity, and a wider range of response linearity were further achieved by decorating TZTO-PHCs with NiO. The optimal content of NiO in NTZTO-PHCs was determined to be 0.75 mol%. The improved sensing mechanism based on structure and composition evolution for the present NTZTO-PHCs was discussed in detail.

通过优化其结构和组成来提高半导体金属氧化物纳米复合材料的气敏性能引起了越来越多的兴趣。本文开发了一种可靠的牺牲模板方法来制造一系列SnO ₂ / Zn ₂ SnO ₄（TZTO）纳米结构，包括TZTO多孔立方体（TZTO-PCs），TZTO多孔空心立方体（TZTO-PHCs）和NiO装饰的TZTO多孔空心立方体（NTZTO-PHC）。ZnSn（OH）₆首先通过简便的声化学方法合成边缘长度约为500 nm的固态立方体（ZHS-SCs），然后在NaOH水溶液中进行化学蚀刻以制备ZHS空心立方体（HCs）。通过使用制备的ZHS-SC和ZHS-HC作为牺牲模板，可以轻松合成具有不同NiO含量的TZTO-PC，TZTO-PHC和NTZTO-PHC。发现通过从PC到PHC的结构演变，TZTO对乙醇的敏感性得到了显着提高。重要的是，通过用NiO修饰TZTO-PHC，可以进一步实现出色的乙醇感测特性，例如更低的最佳工作温度，更高的灵敏度以及更宽的响应线性范围。确定NTZTO-PHC中NiO的最佳含量为0.75mol％。