Sodium–ion batteries (NIBs), due to the advantages of low cost and relatively high safety, have attracted widespread attention all over the world, making them a promising candidate for large‐scale energy storage systems. However, the inherent lower energy density to lithium–ion batteries is the issue that should be further investigated and optimized. Toward the grid‐level energy storage applications, designing and discovering appropriate anode materials for NIBs are of great concern. Although many efforts on the improvements and innovations are achieved, several challenges still limit the current requirements of the large‐scale application, including low energy/power densities, moderate cycle performance, and the low initial Coulombic efficiency. Advanced nanostructured strategies for anode materials can significantly improve ion or electron transport kinetic performance enhancing the electrochemical properties of battery systems. Herein, this Review intends to provide a comprehensive summary on the progress of nanostructured anode materials for NIBs, where representative examples and corresponding storage mechanisms are discussed. Meanwhile, the potential directions to obtain high‐performance anode materials of NIBs are also proposed, which provide references for the further development of advanced anode materials for NIBs.

中文翻译：

---

用于钠离子电池的高级纳米阳极材料

钠离子电池（NIB）由于具有低成本和相对较高的安全性的优点，已引起了全世界的广泛关注，使其成为大规模储能系统的有希望的候选者。但是，锂离子电池固有的较低能量密度是一个问题，应进一步研究和优化。在电网级储能应用中，设计和发现适用于NIB的阳极材料非常重要。尽管在改进和创新方面做出了许多努力，但仍存在一些挑战，这些挑战仍然限制了大规模应用的当前要求，包括低能量/功率密度，适度的循环性能和低初始库仑效率。阳极材料的先进纳米结构策略可以显着改善离子或电子传输动力学性能，从而增强电池系统的电化学性能。在此，本综述旨在提供有关用于NIB的纳米结构阳极材料进展的全面总结，其中将讨论代表性示例和相应的存储机制。同时，还提出了获得高性能NIBs阳极材料的潜在方向，为进一步开发用于NIBs的高级阳极材料提供参考。讨论了代表性示例和相应的存储机制。同时，还提出了获得高性能NIBs阳极材料的潜在方向，为进一步开发用于NIBs的高级阳极材料提供参考。讨论了代表性示例和相应的存储机制。同时，还提出了获得高性能NIBs阳极材料的潜在方向，为进一步开发用于NIBs的高级阳极材料提供参考。