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Carotid Endarterectomy and Carotid Artery Stenting in the US Medicare Population, 1999-2014
JAMA ( IF 63.1 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-19 , DOI: 10.1001/jama.2017.12882
Judith H. Lichtman 1 , Michael R. Jones 2 , Erica C. Leifheit 3 , Alice J. Sheffet 4 , George Howard 5 , Brajesh K. Lal 6 , Virginia J. Howard 7 , Yun Wang 8 , Jeptha Curtis 9 , Thomas G. Brott 10
Affiliation  

Importance Carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting are the leading approaches to revascularization for carotid stenosis, yet contemporary data on trends in rates and outcomes are limited. Objective To describe US national trends in performance and outcomes of carotid endarterectomy and stenting among Medicare beneficiaries from 1999 to 2014. Design, Setting, and Participants Serial cross-sectional analysis of Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries aged 65 years or older from 1999 to 2014 using the Medicare Inpatient and Denominator files. Spatial mixed models adjusted for age, sex, and race were fit to calculate county-specific risk-standardized revascularization rates. Mixed models were fit to assess trends in outcomes after adjustment for demographics, comorbidities, and symptomatic status. Exposures Carotid endarterectomy and carotid artery stenting. Main Outcomes and Measures Revascularization rates per 100 000 beneficiary-years of fee-for-service enrollment, in-hospital mortality, 30-day stroke or death, 30-day stroke, myocardial infarction, or death, 30-day all-cause mortality, and 1-year stroke. Results During the study, 937 111 unique patients underwent carotid endarterectomy (mean age, 75.8 years; 43% women) and 231 077 underwent carotid artery stenting (mean age, 75.4 years; 49% women). There were 81 306 patients who underwent endarterectomy in 1999 and 36 325 in 2014; national rates per 100 000 beneficiary-years decreased from 298 in 1999-2000 to 128 in 2013-2014 (P < .001). The number of patients who underwent stenting ranged from 10 416 in 1999 to 22 865 in 2006 (an increase per 100 000 beneficiary-years from 40 in 1999-2000 to 75 in 2005-2006; P < .001); by 2014, there were 10 208 patients who underwent stenting and the rate decreased to 38 per 100 000 beneficiary-years (P < .001). Outcomes improved over time despite increases in vascular risk factors (eg, hypertension prevalence increased from 67% to 81% among patients who underwent endarterectomy and from 61% to 70% among patients who underwent stenting) and the proportion of symptomatic patients (all P < .001). There were adjusted annual decreases in 30-day ischemic stroke or death of 2.90% (95% CI, 2.63% to 3.18%) among patients who underwent endarterectomy and 1.13% (95% CI, 0.71% to 1.54%) among patients who underwent stenting; an absolute decrease from 1999 to 2014 was observed for endarterectomy (1.4%; 95% CI, 1.2% to 1.5%) but not stenting (−0.1%; 95% CI, −0.5% to 0.4%). Rates for 1-year ischemic stroke decreased after endarterectomy (absolute decrease, 3.5% [95% CI, 3.2% to 3.7%]; adjusted annual decrease, 2.17% [95% CI, 2.00% to 2.34%]) and stenting (absolute decrease, 1.6% [95% CI, 1.2% to 2.1%]; adjusted annual decrease, 1.86% [95% CI, 1.45%-2.26%]). Additional improvements were noted for in-hospital mortality, 30-day stroke, myocardial infarction, or death, and 30-day all-cause mortality as well as within demographic subgroups. Conclusions and Relevance Among fee-for-service Medicare beneficiaries, the performance of carotid endarterectomy declined from 1999 to 2014, whereas the performance of carotid artery stenting increased until 2006 and then declined from 2007 to 2014. Outcomes improved despite increases in vascular risk factors.

中文翻译:

1999-2014 年美国医疗保险人群的颈动脉内膜切除术和颈动脉支架术

重要性 颈动脉内膜切除术和颈动脉支架置入术是颈动脉狭窄血运重建的主要方法,但目前关于发生率和结果趋势的数据有限。目的 描述 1999 年至 2014 年美国联邦医疗保险受益人颈动脉内膜切除术和支架置入术的表现和结果的趋势。 设计、设置和参与者 1999 年至 65 岁或以上的医疗保险按服务收费受益人的系列横断面分析2014 年使用 Medicare Inpatient 和 Denominator 文件。调整了年龄、性别和种族的空间混合模型适合计算特定于县的风险标准化血运重建率。混合模型适用于在调整人口统计学、合并症和症状状态后评估结果趋势。暴露颈动脉内膜切除术和颈动脉支架置入术。主要结果和指标 每 100 000 名有偿服务受益人年的血运重建率、住院死亡率、30 天卒中或死亡、30 天卒中、心肌梗死或死亡、30 天全因死亡率和 1 年中风。结果 在研究期间,937 111 名独特患者接受了颈动脉内膜切除术(平均年龄,75.8 岁;43% 女性)和 231 077 名接受了颈动脉支架植入术(平均年龄,75.4 岁;49% 女性)。1999年和2014年分别接受动脉内膜切除术的患者81 306例和36 325例;每 10 万受益人年的国家比率从 1999-2000 年的 298 下降到 2013-2014 年的 128(P < .001)。接受支架植入术的患者人数从 1999 年的 10 416 人增加到 2006 年的 22 865 人(每 10 万受益人年数从 1999-2000 年的 40 人增加到 2005-2006 年的 75 人;P < .001);到 2014 年,有 10 208 名患者接受了支架植入术,比率下降至每 10 万受益人年 38 人(P < .001)。尽管血管危险因素(例如,接受动脉内膜切除术的患者的高血压患病率从 67% 增加到 81%,接受支架植入术的患者的高血压患病率从 61% 增加到 70%)和有症状的患者比例(所有 P < .001)。在接受动脉内膜切除术的患者中,调整后的 30 天缺血性卒中或死亡每年减少 2.90%(95% CI,2.63% 至 3.18%),在接受动脉内膜切除术的患者中降低 1.13%(95% CI,0.71% 至 1.54%)支架;观察到从 1999 年到 2014 年,动脉内膜切除术的绝对减少(1.4%;95% CI,1.2% 至 1.5%),而不是支架植入术(-0.1%;95% CI,-0.5% 至 0.4%)。动脉内膜切除术(绝对下降,3.5% [95% CI,3.2% 至 3.7%];调整后年度下降,2.17% [95% CI,2.00% 至 2.34%])和支架植入(绝对下降)后,1 年缺血性卒中的发生率下降下降,1.6% [95% CI,1.2% 至 2.1%];调整后的年度下降,1.86% [95% CI,1.45%-2.26%])。院内死亡率、30 天卒中、心肌梗死或死亡、30 天全因死亡率以及人口统计学亚组内的其他改善也有所改善。结论和相关性 在按服务收费的医疗保险受益人中,颈动脉内膜切除术的表现从 1999 年到 2014 年有所下降,
更新日期:2017-09-19
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