Abstract The nanoparticles involving La x Ce 1− x O 2– δ system ( x = 0.1, 0.2 and 0.5) with various rare earth La 3+ -doping levels were successfully synthesized and characterized for their structural, catalytic and photocatalytic properties. The structural characterizations (via X-ray diffraction, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy) confirmed the presence of phase-pure catalyst nanoparticles with desired target stoichiometry; induced lattice strains were correlated with various doping amounts. Raman spectroscopy results illustrated the effect of progressively higher La-doping with increasing peak asymmetry, broadening and shifting of the key peaks to lower energies. The 10% La-doped ceria catalysts depicted superior catalytic reduction and visible light photocatalytic (for the degradation of methylene blue) properties along with promising oxygen storage capacity values. Our results suggest that low (≤ 20%) doping of the rare-earth metal is sufficient for maintaining a balance between catalytic properties and overall deformation (strain, vacancy etc) in the fluorite CeO 2 lattice.

中文翻译：

---

CeO 2 基体中稀土掺杂的影响：与结构、催化和可见光光催化性能的相关性

摘要 成功合成了具有不同稀土La 3+ 掺杂水平的La x Ce 1− x O 2– δ 系统（x = 0.1、0.2 和0.5）纳米粒子，并对其结构、催化和光催化性能进行了表征。结构表征（通过 X 射线衍射、高分辨率透射电子显微镜、拉曼光谱）证实了具有所需目标化学计量的相纯催化剂纳米颗粒的存在；诱导晶格应变与各种掺杂量相关。拉曼光谱结果说明了随着峰不对称性的增加、关键峰的展宽和向较低能量移动而逐渐增加的 La 掺杂的影响。10% La 掺杂的氧化铈催化剂表现出优异的催化还原和可见光光催化（用于降解亚甲蓝）特性以及有希望的储氧容量值。我们的结果表明，稀土金属的低（≤ 20%）掺杂足以在萤石 CeO 2 晶格中保持催化性能和整体变形（应变、空位等）之间的平衡。