Two-dimensional (2D) layered materials have shown great promise for electrochemical energy storage applications. However, they are usually limited by the sluggish kinetics and poor cycling stability. Interface modification on 2D layered materials provides an effective way for increasing the active sites, improving the electronic conductivity, and enhancing the structure stability so that it can potentially solve the major issues on fabricating energy storage devices with high performance. Herein, we synthesize a novel MoS₂–carbon (MoS₂–C) monolayer interoverlapped superstructure via a facile interface-modification route. This interlayer overlapped structure is demonstrated to have a wide sodium-ion intercalation/deintercalation voltage range of 0.4–3.0 V and the typical pseudocapacitive characteristics in fast kinetics, high reversibility, and robust structural stability, thus displaying a large reversible capacity, a high rate capability, and an improved cyclability. A full cell of sodium-ion hybrid supercapacitor based on this MoS₂–C hybrid architecture can operate up to 3.8 V and deliver a high energy density of 111.4 Wh kg^–1 and a high power density exceeding 12 000 W kg^–1. Furthermore, a long cycle life of 10 000 cycles with over 77.3% of capacitance retention can be achieved.

中文翻译：

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阐明MoS _2-碳单层相互重叠的上部结构的层间伪电容机理：面向高性能钠离子基混合超级电容器

二维（2D）层状材料已显示出在电化学储能应用中的巨大希望。但是，它们通常受到动力学迟缓和循环稳定性差的限制。2D层状材料的界面改性为增加活性位点，提高电子电导率和增强结构稳定性提供了有效途径，从而可以潜在地解决制造高性能储能装置的主要问题。在这里，我们合成了一种新颖的MoS _2-碳（MoS ₂–C）通过简便的界面修改路线实现单层相互重叠的上部结构。该层间重叠结构被证明具有0.4-3.0 V的宽钠离子嵌入/脱嵌电压范围，并具有快速动力学，高可逆性和稳健的结构稳定性方面的典型伪电容特性，因此显示出大的可逆容量，高速率性能，并提高了可循环性。基于这种MoS ₂ –C混合架构的钠离子混合超级电容器的完整电池可以在高达3.8 V的电压下工作，并提供111.4 Wh kg ^–1的高能量密度和超过12 000 W kg ^–1的高功率密度。此外，可以实现10000个循环的长循环寿命，并具有超过77.3％的电容保持率。