Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is a critical emerging brominated flame retardant to which consumers can be exposed at high doses through a single food intake. Based on an animal experiment involving 3 groups of laying hens fed during 70 days with a control diet or γ-HBCD-contaminated diets at 0.1 or 10 μg γ-HBCD g⁻¹ feed, this study aims to use the volatolome of biological samples for revealing markers of livestock exposure to HBCD. Liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry was used to monitor the time-course of HBCD levels in bodily samples. Each liver was analyzed by solid-phase microextraction–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry for volatolome profiling. After 70 days, γ-HBCD concentrations in egg yolk, fat, liver and serum reached 54 ± 4, 85 ± 6, 31 ± 6, and 32 ± 4 ng g⁻¹ lw, respectively, for the low exposure level and 4.6+/5.7, 7.8+/6.5, 3.9+/3.0 and 3.9+/6.1 μg g⁻¹ lw, respectively, for the high exposure level. Isomerization of γ-HBCD into α- and β-HBCD was observed in all tissues, at least for the high exposure level. Volatolome data allowed a significant discrimination between control and exposed animals whatever the feed contamination load, demonstrating a liver metabolic response to γ-HBCD exposure. The relevance of the twenty nine volatile exposure markers tentatively identified was discussed in light of literature data.

中文翻译：

---

肝挥发性化合物显示家禽接触γ-六溴环十二烷（HBCD）

六溴环十二烷（HBCD）是一种重要的新兴溴化阻燃剂，消费者可以通过单次进食高剂量暴露于六溴环十二烷。基于一项涉及三组蛋鸡的动物实验，该蛋鸡在70天内以0.1或10μgγ-六溴环十二烷g ^-1饲料的对照日粮或被γ-六溴环十二烷污染的日粮喂养，该研究旨在将生物样品的挥发性成分用于揭示了牲畜接触六溴环十二烷的标志。液相色谱-串联质谱法用于监测身体样品中六溴环十二烷水平的时程。通过固相微萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分析每个肝脏的挥发性成分。70天后，蛋黄，脂肪，肝和血清中的γ-六溴环十二烷浓度达到54±4、85±6、31±6和32±4 ng g ^-1对于低暴露水平，分别为lw，对于高暴露水平，分别为4.6 + / 5.7、7.8 + / 6.5、3.9 + / 3.0和3.9 + / 6.1μgg ^-1 lw。至少在高暴露水平下，在所有组织中均观察到γ-六溴环十二烷异构化为α-和β-六溴环十二烷。Volatolome数据可对饲料污染负荷与对照动物和暴露动物进行显着区分，从而证明了对γ-HBCD暴露的肝脏代谢反应。根据文献数据讨论了暂时确定的29种挥发性暴露标记的相关性。