Single‐Atom Catalysts: Emerging Multifunctional Materials in Heterogeneous Catalysis,Advanced Energy Materials

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Single‐Atom Catalysts: Emerging Multifunctional Materials in Heterogeneous Catalysis
Advanced Energy Materials ( IF 24.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-18 , DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201701343
Huabin Zhang ₁ , Guigao Liu ₁ , Li Shi ₁ , Jinhua Ye _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Supported metal nanoparticles are the most widely investigated heterogeneous catalysts in catalysis community. The size of metal nanostructures is an important parameter in influencing the activity of constructed catalysts. Especially, as coordination unsaturated metal atoms always work as the catalytically active centers, decreasing the particle size of the catalyst can greatly boost the specific activity per metal atom. Single‐atom catalysts (SACs), containing single metal atoms anchored on supports, represent the utmost utilization of metallic catalysts and thus maximize the usage efficiency of metal atom. However, with the decreasing of particle size, the surface free energy increases obviously, and tends to aggregate into clusters or particles. Selection of an appropriate support is necessary to interact with isolated atoms strongly, and thus prevents the movement and aggregation of isolated atoms, creating stable, finely dispersed active sites. Furthermore, with uniform single‐atom dispersion and well‐defined configuration, SACs afford great space for optimizing high selectivity and activity. In this review, a detailed discussion of preparing, characterizing, and catalytically testing within this family is provided, including the theoretical understanding of key aspects of SACs materials. The main advantages of SACs as catalysts and the challenges faced for further improving catalytic performance are also highlighted.

中文翻译：

单原子催化剂：异构催化中新兴的多功能材料

负载金属纳米颗粒是催化领域中研究最广泛的非均相催化剂。金属纳米结构的尺寸是影响构造的催化剂的活性的重要参数。尤其是，由于配位不饱和金属原子始终充当催化活性中心，因此减小催化剂的粒径可以大大提高每个金属原子的比活度。单原子催化剂（SAC）包含固定在载体上的单个金属原子，代表了金属催化剂的最大利用，因此可以最大限度地利用金属原子。然而，随着粒径的减小，表面自由能明显增加，并趋于聚集成团或颗粒。为了与离析的原子强烈相互作用，必须选择合适的支持物，从而防止孤立原子的移动和聚集，从而创建稳定的，精细分散的活性位。此外，借助均匀的单原子分散和定义明确的配置，SAC为优化高选择性和活性提供了广阔的空间。在这篇综述中，提供了该系列中制备，表征和催化测试的详细讨论，包括对SAC材料关键方面的理论理解。还强调了SAC作为催化剂的主要优点以及进一步提高催化性能所面临的挑战。在这篇综述中，提供了该系列中制备，表征和催化测试的详细讨论，包括对SAC材料关键方面的理论理解。还强调了SAC作为催化剂的主要优点以及进一步提高催化性能所面临的挑战。在这篇综述中，提供了该系列中制备，表征和催化测试的详细讨论，包括对SAC材料关键方面的理论理解。还强调了SAC作为催化剂的主要优点以及进一步提高催化性能所面临的挑战。

更新日期：2017-09-18

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