Risk factors for pancreatic cancer include a cluster of metabolic conditions such as obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. Given that these risk factors are correlated, separating out causal from confounded effects is challenging. Mendelian randomization (MR), or the use of genetic instrumental variables, may facilitate the identification of the metabolic drivers of pancreatic cancer.

中文翻译：

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肥胖、2 型糖尿病和代谢因素在胰腺癌中的作用：孟德尔随机化研究

胰腺癌的危险因素包括一系列代谢疾病，如肥胖、高血压、血脂异常、胰岛素抵抗和 2 型糖尿病。鉴于这些风险因素是相关的，将因果关系与混杂影响区分开来具有挑战性。孟德尔随机化 (MR) 或遗传工具变量的使用可能有助于识别胰腺癌的代谢驱动因素。