Abstract In this work, 1D carbon/SiC nanocomposites were fabricated by the electrospinning of polycarbosilane (PCS) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) with subsequent polymer pyrolysis and annealing treatment. The dielectric properties and electromagnetic (EM) wave absorption performance of the nanocomposites were studied over the frequency range of 2–18 GHz. By controlling the weight ratio of precursor PVP, both the dielectric loss ability and microwave absorption performance of the nanocomposites were improved. The nanocomposites obtained from 4.3 wt% PVP exhibited excellent EM performance, their optimal reflection loss (RL, in dB unit) value reached as high as −57.8 dB at a coating thickness of 1.9 mm. In addition, the nanocomposites displayed an ultrawide effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL below −10 dB, 90% EM attenuation) of 7.3 GHz at an absorber coating thickness of 2.7 mm. It was found that the carbon defects, SiC nanocrystals, and heterojunction interfaces among carbon, SiC, and amorphous SiO x C y contribute to the nanocomposite's outstanding EM performance. The low RL values and wide absorption bandwidth of the carbon/SiC nanocomposites make it a good candidate as highly efficient radar wave absorbers under harsh conditions.

中文翻译：

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具有可调介电和宽带电磁波吸收特性的一维碳/碳化硅纳米复合材料

摘要 在这项工作中，通过聚碳硅烷 (PCS) 和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮 (PVP) 的静电纺丝以及随后的聚合物热解和退火处理制备了一维碳 / SiC 纳米复合材料。在 2-18 GHz 的频率范围内研究了纳米复合材料的介电特性和电磁 (EM) 波吸收性能。通过控制前驱体PVP的重量比，纳米复合材料的介电损耗能力和微波吸收性能均得到改善。从 4.3 wt% PVP 获得的纳米复合材料表现出优异的 EM 性能，在 1.9 mm 的涂层厚度下，它们的最佳反射损耗（RL，以 dB 为单位）值高达 -57.8 dB。此外，纳米复合材料显示出 7 的超宽有效吸收带宽（EAB，RL 低于 -10 dB，90% EM 衰减）。3 GHz，吸收涂层厚度为 2.7 毫米。发现碳缺陷、SiC 纳米晶体和碳、SiC 和非晶 SiO x C y 之间的异质结界面有助于纳米复合材料的出色电磁性能。碳/碳化硅纳米复合材料的低 RL 值和宽吸收带宽使其成为恶劣条件下高效雷达波吸收剂的良好候选者。