Water and sunlight are both renewable and readily available. A sustainable energy generation from water and sunlight holds a great promise to solve current energy and environmental challenges. However, low-cost, but efficient, catalysts are required. In this study, a rationally designed N,S co-doped three-dimensional porous graphitic network (N,S-3DPG) was used as a low-cost, highly efficient tri-functional catalyst to simultaneously catalyze hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) for photo-electrochemical water splitting to generate hydrogen fuel, oxygen evolution reaction (OER) for oxygen generation from water, and oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) for generation of clean electricity from hydrogen and oxygen gases in fuel cells. Based on the resultant multifunctional catalyst, the combination of photo-electrochemical water splitting, powered by CH₃NH₃PbI₃ perovskite solar cells, for on-site generation of O₂ and H₂ gases with a H₂-O₂ fuel cell created a cost-effective and H₂-storage-free approach toward renewable generation of clean electricity. This work represents a new conceptually important approach to cost-effective generation of clean and renewable electricity from sunlight and water.

水和阳光都是可再生的，并且随时可用。由水和阳光产生的可持续能源产生了解决当前能源和环境挑战的巨大希望。但是，需要低成本但有效的催化剂。在这项研究中，合理设计的N，S共掺杂的三维多孔石墨网络（N，S-3DPG）被用作低成本，高效的三功能催化剂，同时催化氢的分解反应（HER）。进行光电化学水分解以产生氢气燃料，用于从水中产生氧气的氧气析出反应（OER）和用于从燃料电池中的氢气和氧气产生清洁电的氧气还原反应（ORR）。基于生成的多功能催化剂，由CH驱动的光电化学水分解相结合₃ NH ₃ PbI ₃钙钛矿太阳能电池，用于通过H ₂ -O ₂燃料电池现场生成O ₂和H ₂气体，为可再生清洁能源的生产提供了一种经济高效且无H ₂储存的方法。这项工作代表了一种新的概念上重要的方法，可以有效地从阳光和水中产生清洁和可再生电力。