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Stabilizing the Efficiency Beyond 20% with a Mixed Cation Perovskite Solar Cell Fabricated in Ambient Air under Controlled Humidity
Advanced Energy Materials ( IF 24.4 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-14 , DOI: 10.1002/aenm.201700677
Trilok Singh 1 , Tsutomu Miyasaka 1
Affiliation  

Perovskite solar cells have evolved to have compatible high efficiency and stability by employing mixed cation/halide type perovskite crystals as pinhole‐free large grain absorbers. The cesium (Cs)–formamidium–methylammonium triple cation‐based perovskite device fabricated in a glove box enables reproducible high‐voltage performance. This study explores the method to reproduce stable and high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of a triple cation perovskite prepared using a one‐step solution deposition and low‐temperature annealing fully conducted in controlled ambient humidity conditions. Optimizing the perovskite grain size by Cs concentration and solution processes, a route is created to obtain highly uniform, pinhole‐free large grain perovskite films that work with reproducible PCE up to 20.8% and high preservation stability without cell encapsulation for more than 18 weeks. This study further investigates the light intensity characteristics of open‐circuit voltage (Voc) of small (5 × 5 mm2, PCE > 20%) and large (10 × 10 mm2, PCE of 18%) devices. Intensity dependence of Voc shows an ideality factor in the range of 1.7‐1.9 for both devices, implying that the triple cation perovskite involves trap‐assisted recombination loss at the hetero junction interfaces that influences Voc. Despite relatively high ideality factor, perovskite device is capable of supplying high power conversion efficiency under low light intensity (0.01 Sun) whereas maintaining Voc over 0.9 V.

中文翻译:

在受控的湿度下,在环境空气中制造混合钙钛矿型混合钙钛矿型太阳能电池,可将效率稳定在20%以上

钙钛矿太阳能电池通过将阳离子/卤化物混合型钙钛矿晶体用作无针孔大颗粒吸收剂,已发展为具有兼容的高效性和稳定性。在手套箱中制造的铯(Cs)-甲酰胺基-甲基铵三阳离子基于钙钛矿的设备可实现可再现的高压性能。本研究探索了一种方法,该方法可通过在受控的环境湿度条件下完全进行的一步溶液沉积和低温退火过程,制备出稳定的三阳离子钙钛矿高功率转换效率(PCE)。通过Cs浓度和固溶工艺优化钙钛矿的晶粒尺寸,创造了一条途径来获得高度均匀,无针孔的大晶粒钙钛矿薄膜,该薄膜可与高达20的可重现PCE一起使用。8%且高保存稳定性,无需细胞包封超过18周。这项研究进一步研究了开路电压(小型(5×5 mm 2,PCE> 20%)和大型(10×10 mm 2,PCE为18%)的V oc)。V oc的强度依赖性在两个器件中都显示出理想因子在1.7-1.9范围内,这意味着三阳离子钙钛矿涉及杂化结界面处的陷阱辅助重组损失,从而影响V oc。尽管具有较高的理想因子,但钙钛矿器件仍能够在低光强度(0.01太阳)下提供高功率转换效率,同时将V oc维持在0.9 V以上。
更新日期:2017-09-14
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