Bioluminescence imaging (BLI) was used to follow dissemination of recombinant vaccinia virus (VACV) expressing luciferase (IHD-J-Luc) in BALB/c nu/nu mice treated post-challenge with monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against L1 and B5 VACV proteins in a model of Progressive Vaccinia (PV). Areas Under the flux Curve (AUC) were calculated for viral loads in multiple organs in individual mice. Following scarification with 10⁵ pfu, IHD-J-Luc VACV undergoes fast replication at the injection site and disseminates rapidly to the inguinal lymph nodes followed by spleen, liver, and axillary lymph nodes within 2–3 days and before primary lesions are visible at the site of scarification. Extension of survival in nude mice treated with a combination of anti-B5 and anti-L1 MAbs 24 h post challenge correlated with a significant reduction in viral load at the site of scarification and delayed systemic dissemination. Nude mice reconstituted with 10⁴ T cells prior to challenge with IHD-J-Luc, and treated with MAbs post-challenge, survived infection, cleared the virus from all organs and scarification site, and developed anti-VACV IgG and VACV-specific polyfunctional CD8⁺ T cells that co-expressed the degranulation marker CD107a, and IFNγ and TNFα cytokines. All T cell reconstituted mice survived intranasal re-challenge with IHD-J-Luc (10⁴ pfu) two months after the primary infection. Thus, using BLI to monitor VACV replication in a PV model, we showed that anti-VACV MAbs administered post challenge extended survival of nude mice and protected T cell reconstituted nude mice from lethality by reducing replication at the site of scarification and systemic dissemination of VACV.

生物发光成像（BLI）用于追踪攻击后用针对L1和B5 VACV蛋白的单克隆抗体（MAb）处理的BALB / c nu / nu小鼠中表达荧光素酶（IHD-J-Luc）的重组牛痘病毒（VACV）的传播在渐进性痘苗（PV）模型中。计算单个小鼠多个器官中病毒载量的通量曲线下面积（AUC）。在用10 ⁵划痕之后 pfu，IHD-J-Luc VACV在注射部位快速复制，并在2-3天之内以及在划痕部位可见主要病变之前，迅速扩散到腹股沟淋巴结，随后扩散到脾脏，肝脏和腋窝淋巴结。攻击后24小时用抗B5和抗L1 MAb组合治疗的裸鼠存活期的延长与在疤痕形成部位病毒载量的显着降低和系统性传播延迟有关。裸鼠 在用IHD-J-Luc攻击前用10 ⁴ T细胞重组，并在攻击后用单克隆抗体处理，在感染后存活下来，清除了所有器官和疤痕部位的病毒，并开发了抗VACV IgG和VACV特异性的多功能CD8 ⁺共表达脱粒标记物CD107a和IFNγ和TNFα细胞因子的T细胞。 在初次感染后两个月，所有重建的T细胞小鼠在IHD-J-Luc（10 ⁴ pfu）的鼻内再次攻击后均存活下来。因此，使用BLI监测PV模型中的VACV复制，我们显示了通过挑战后施用的抗VACV MAb，可以通过减少VACV划痕和全身性传播的部位的复制来延长裸鼠的存活率，并保护T细胞重构的裸鼠免于致死性。 。