Dissolved organic matter (DOM) present in oil and gas (O&G) produced water and fracturing flowback was characterized and quantified by multiple analytical techniques throughout a hybrid biological-physical treatment process. Quantitative and qualitative analysis of DOM by liquid chromatography – organic carbon detection (LC-OCD), liquid chromatography–high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS), gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), and 3D fluorescence spectroscopy, demonstrated increasing removal of all groups of DOM throughout the treatment train, with most removal occurring during biological pretreatment and some subsequent removal achieved during membrane treatment. Parallel factor analysis (PARAFAC) further validated these results and identified five fluorescent components, including DOM described as humic acids, fulvic acids, proteins, and aromatics. Tryptophan-like compounds bound by complexation to humics/fulvics were most difficult to remove biologically, while aromatics (particularly low molecular weight neutrals) were more challenging to remove with membranes. Strong correlation among PARAFAC, LC-OCD, LC-HRMS, and GC–MS suggests that PARAFAC can be a quick, affordable, and accurate tool for evaluating the presence or removal of specific DOM groups in O&G wastewater.

中文翻译：

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在混合生物滤池膜处理系统中跟踪油气废水中的有机物：一种多分析方法

在整个混合生物物理处理过程中，通过多种分析技术对油气（O＆G）生产的水中和压裂返排中存在的溶解有机物（DOM）进行了表征和定量。通过液相色谱-有机碳检测（LC-OCD），液相色谱-高分辨率质谱（LC-HRMS），气相色谱-质谱（GC-MS）和3D荧光光谱对DOM进行定量和定性分析在整个治疗过程中增加了所有DOM组的去除，其中大多数去除发生在生物预处理过程中，而随后的一些去除则发生在膜处理过程中。平行因子分析（PARAFAC）进一步验证了这些结果，并确定了五个荧光成分，包括被描述为腐殖酸，富里酸，蛋白质和芳香族化合物。通过复合与腐殖质/ fulvics结合的色氨酸样化合物在生物学上最难去除，而芳香族化合物（尤其是低分子量中性化合物）则更难以通过膜去除。PARAFAC，LC-OCD，LC-HRMS和GC-MS之间的强相关性表明，PARAFAC可以是一种快速，可负担且准确的工具，用于评估O＆G废水中特定DOM组的存在或去除。