Abstract Structural organization, morphology and thermomechanical properties of nanocomposites based on pectin, polyethyleneimine and Cu nanoparticles, formed by the thermal reduction method from interpolyelectrolyte–metal complexes (IMC) pectin–Cu2+–polyethyleneimine have been investigated using WAXS (wide-angle X-ray scattering), SAXS (small-angle X-ray scattering) methods as well as TEM (transmission electron microscopy) and thermomechanical analysis. It is defined that thermal reduction of Cu2+ ions in IMC bulk (while films are heated to the temperature around 170 °C and higher temperatures) results in nanocomposites based on interpolyelectrolyte complexes “pectin–polyethyleneimine” and Cu nanoparticles being formed. In its turn, thermal reduction of copper ions is found out to take place owing to polyethyleneimine (namely, on account of electrons transfer from the amino groups’ nitrogen atoms of polyethyleneimine to Cu2+ ions). It has been shown by thermomechanical analysis that the optimal time for complete thermal reduction of Cu2+ ions to metallic copper at T = 170 °C is 30 min. The antimicrobial investigations of the elaborated nanocomposites revealed they possess a high antimicrobial activity against S. aureus and E. coli strains.

中文翻译：

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通过热还原法获得的含铜聚合物纳米复合材料的结构形成、热机械和抗菌性能的 X 射线研究

摘要 使用 WAXS（广角 X 射线）研究了通过热还原法由聚电解质-金属复合物 (IMC) 果胶-Cu2+-聚乙烯亚胺形成的基于果胶、聚乙烯亚胺和 Cu 纳米颗粒的纳米复合材料的结构组织、形态和热机械性能。散射）、SAXS（小角 X 射线散射）方法以及 TEM（透射电子显微镜）和热机械分析。定义了 IMC 本体中 Cu2+ 离子的热还原（同时将薄膜加热到 170°C 左右或更高的温度）导致基于聚电解质复合物“果胶-聚乙烯亚胺”和 Cu 纳米颗粒的纳米复合材料正在形成。反过来，发现由于聚乙烯亚胺（即，由于电子从聚乙烯亚胺的氨基氮原子转移到 Cu2+ 离子）。热机械分析表明，在 T = 170 °C 时，Cu2+ 离子完全热还原为金属铜的最佳时间为 30 分钟。对精心制作的纳米复合材料的抗菌研究表明，它们对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌菌株具有很高的抗菌活性。