To address the severe volume changes of transition metal chalcogenides that results in inferior cycling performance, herein, a unique yolk-shell microsphere composed of mesoporous cobalt sulfide yolk and alveolus-like carbon shell (M-CoS@C) is constructed. The mesoporous CoS yolks possess large surface area (46.3 m² g^-1) accompanied with the interconnected mesoporous structure, which provides a large contact area to facilitate the permeation of the electrolyte and shorten the ion diffusion path. The alveolus-like carbon shells provide enough void spaces and highly self-adaptive structure to ensure the high stability of the electrode. Owing to the multifunctionality of this unique structure, the M-CoS@C electrode shows impressive cycling stability (790 mAh g^-1 after 500 cycles at 1 A g^-1 for Li-storage, 532 mAh g^-1 after 100 cycles at 0.2 A g^-1 for Na-storage) and excellent rate capability (330 mAh g^-1 at 20 A g^-1 for Li-storage, 190 mAh g^-1 at 20 A g^-1 for Na-storage). This unique mesoporous yolks@alveolus-like carbon shell structure and the self-sacrificing synthesis method present the effective strategies to promote the utilization of transition metal chalcogenides for practical applications.

中文翻译：

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自适应介孔CoS @肺泡样碳黄壳微球用于碱金属阳离子的存储

为了解决导致过渡循环性能变差的过渡金属硫族化物的严重体积变化，在此，构造了由介孔硫化钴卵黄和肺泡样碳壳（M-CoS @ C）组成的独特的卵黄壳微球。介孔CoS蛋黄具有较大的表面积（46.3 m ²  g ^-1），并具有相互连接的介孔结构，从而提供了较大的接触面积，有利于电解质的渗透并缩短了离子扩散路径。肺泡状碳壳提供了足够的空隙空间和高度自适应的结构，以确保电极的高稳定性。由于这种独特结构的多功能性，M-CoS @ C电极显示出令人印象深刻的循环稳定性（790 mAh g ^-1锂电池在1 A g ^-1下500次循环后，钠电池在0.2 A g ^-1下100次循环后532 mAh g ^-1）和出色的速率能力（20 A g ^-1在330 A ^-1下为330 mAh g ^-1锂存储，在20 A g ^-1时为190 mAh g ^-1（对于Na存储）。这种独特的介孔蛋黄样肺泡状碳壳结构和自我牺牲的合成方法提出了有效的策略，以促进在实际应用中利用过渡金属硫属元素化物。