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Asymmetric motion of magnetically actuated artificial cilia
Lab on a Chip ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2017-08-14 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00556c Srinivas Hanasoge 1, 2, 3, 4 , Matthew Ballard 1, 2, 3, 4 , Peter J. Hesketh 1, 2, 3, 4 , Alexander Alexeev 1, 2, 3, 4
Lab on a Chip ( IF 6.1 ) Pub Date : 2017-08-14 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1039/c7lc00556c Srinivas Hanasoge 1, 2, 3, 4 , Matthew Ballard 1, 2, 3, 4 , Peter J. Hesketh 1, 2, 3, 4 , Alexander Alexeev 1, 2, 3, 4
Affiliation
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Most microorganisms use hair-like cilia with asymmetric beating to perform vital bio-physical processes. In this paper, we demonstrate a novel fabrication method for creating magnetic artificial cilia capable of such a biologically inspired asymmetric beating pattern essential for inducing microfluidic transport at low Reynolds number. The cilia are fabricated using a lithographic process in conjunction with deposition of magnetic nickel–iron permalloy to create flexible filaments that can be manipulated by varying an external magnetic field. A rotating permanent magnet is used to actuate the cilia. We examine the kinematics of a cilium and demonstrate that the cilium motion is defined by an interplay among elastic, magnetic, and viscous forces. Specifically, the forward stroke is induced by the rotation of the magnet which bends the cilium, whereas the recovery stroke is defined by the straightening of the deformed cilium, releasing accumulated elastic potential energy. This difference in dominating forces acting during the forward stroke and the recovery stroke leads to an asymmetric beating pattern of the cilium. Such magnetic cilia can find applications in microfluidic pumping, mixing, and other fluid handling processes.
中文翻译：
磁致动纤毛的不对称运动
大多数微生物使用不对称跳动的毛状纤毛来执行重要的生物物理过程。在本文中，我们演示了一种新型的制造磁性人造纤毛的制造方法，该纤毛具有这样的生物启发性的不对称跳动模式，对于在低雷诺数下诱导微流体运输至关重要。纤毛是使用光刻工艺结合磁镍-铁坡莫合金的沉积工艺制成的，以产生可通过改变外部磁场进行控制的柔性细丝。旋转的永磁体用于致动纤毛。我们检查了纤毛的运动学，并证明纤毛的运动是由弹性力，磁力和粘性力之间的相互作用定义的。具体来说，向前的冲程是由弯曲纤毛的磁铁的旋转引起的，而恢复冲程由变形的纤毛的拉直来定义，释放累积的弹性势能。在向前冲程和恢复冲程期间作用的主导力的这种差异导致纤毛的不对称跳动模式。这种磁性纤毛可以在微流体泵送，混合和其他流体处理过程中找到应用。
更新日期：2017-09-12
中文翻译：
磁致动纤毛的不对称运动
大多数微生物使用不对称跳动的毛状纤毛来执行重要的生物物理过程。在本文中，我们演示了一种新型的制造磁性人造纤毛的制造方法，该纤毛具有这样的生物启发性的不对称跳动模式，对于在低雷诺数下诱导微流体运输至关重要。纤毛是使用光刻工艺结合磁镍-铁坡莫合金的沉积工艺制成的，以产生可通过改变外部磁场进行控制的柔性细丝。旋转的永磁体用于致动纤毛。我们检查了纤毛的运动学，并证明纤毛的运动是由弹性力，磁力和粘性力之间的相互作用定义的。具体来说，向前的冲程是由弯曲纤毛的磁铁的旋转引起的，而恢复冲程由变形的纤毛的拉直来定义，释放累积的弹性势能。在向前冲程和恢复冲程期间作用的主导力的这种差异导致纤毛的不对称跳动模式。这种磁性纤毛可以在微流体泵送，混合和其他流体处理过程中找到应用。
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