Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a worldwide leading cause of morbidity and mortality and associated with great individual, societal and economic burden [1]. Dyspnoea is the threatening cardinal symptom and related to a worse course of COPD, including drastic reductions in quality of life and even increased mortality risk [2, 3]. Dyspnoea is a multi-dimensional subjective experience that encompasses not only the perception of sensory signals (dyspnoea intensity), but also important immediate and long-term affective aspects (dyspnoea unpleasantness, dyspnoea anxiety, suffering) [2–4]. In many patients, dyspnoea can be persistent, despite optimal treatment efforts, which was recently termed “chronic breathlessness syndrome” [5]. Notwithstanding, reducing dyspnoea is a major treatment goal in COPD [6] and neglecting it has previously been discussed in a thought-provoking article in this journal as a potential violation of human rights [7]. The detection and treatment of anxious expectations can improve dyspnoea in patients with COPD http://ow.ly/jnBR30efnhj

中文翻译：

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治疗焦虑预期可以改善 COPD 患者的呼吸困难

慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (COPD) 是全球发病率和死亡率的主要原因，并与巨大的个人、社会和经济负担相关 [1]。呼吸困难是一种威胁性的主要症状，与 COPD 病程恶化有关，包括生活质量急剧下降，甚至死亡风险增加 [2, 3]。呼吸困难是一种多维主观体验，不仅包括对感觉信号的感知（呼吸困难强度），还包括重要的即时和长期情感方面（呼吸困难不愉快、呼吸困难焦虑、痛苦）[2-4]。在许多患者中，尽管采取了最佳治疗措施，但呼吸困难仍可能持续存在，这最近被称为“慢性呼吸困难综合征”[5]。虽然，减少呼吸困难是 COPD 的主要治疗目标 [6]，之前在本杂志的一篇发人深省的文章中曾讨论过忽视呼吸困难是对人权的潜在侵犯 [7]。焦虑预期的检测和治疗可改善COPD患者的呼吸困难 http://ow.ly/jnBR30efnhj