Interleukin 2 (IL-2) promotes Foxp3⁺ regulatory T (T_reg) cell responses, but inhibits T follicular helper (T_FH) cell development. However, it is not clear how IL-2 affects T follicular regulatory (T_FR) cells, a cell type with properties of both T_reg and T_FH cells. Using an influenza infection model, we found that high IL-2 concentrations at the peak of the infection prevented T_FR cell development by a Blimp-1-dependent mechanism. However, once the immune response resolved, some T_reg cells downregulated CD25, upregulated Bcl-6 and differentiated into T_FR cells, which then migrated into the B cell follicles to prevent the expansion of self-reactive B cell clones. Thus, unlike its effects on conventional T_reg cells, IL-2 inhibits T_FR cell responses.

中文翻译：

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流感病毒感染期间白介素2对T滤泡调节细胞反应的动态调节。

白介素2（IL-2）促进Foxp3 ⁺调节性T（T _reg）细胞反应，但抑制T卵泡辅助细胞（T _FH）的发育。但是，尚不清楚IL-2如何影响T滤泡调节（T _FR）细胞，T细胞是具有T _reg和T _FH细胞特性的细胞类型。使用流感病毒感染模型，我们发现感染高峰期高的IL-2浓度可通过Blimp-1依赖性机制阻止T _FR细胞发育。但是，一旦免疫反应消退，一些T _reg细胞就会下调CD25，上调Bcl-6并分化为T _FR细胞，然后迁移到B细胞滤泡中，以防止自我反应性B细胞克隆的扩增。因此，不同于其对常规T _reg细胞的作用，IL-2抑制T _FR细胞反应。