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Present and Future of Culturing Bacteria
Annual Review of Microbiology ( IF 8.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-08 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-090816-093449
Jörg Overmann 1, 2 , Birte Abt 1, 2 , Johannes Sikorski 1
Affiliation  

The cultivation of bacteria is highly biased toward a few phylogenetic groups. Many of the currently underexplored bacterial lineages likely have novel biosynthetic pathways and unknown biochemical features. New cultivation concepts have been developed based on an improved understanding of the ecology of previously not-cultured bacteria. Particularly successful were improved media that mimic the natural types and concentrations of substrates and nutrients, high-throughput cultivation techniques, and approaches that exploit biofilm formation and bacterial interactions. Metagenomics and single-cell genomics can reveal unknown metabolic features of not-yet-cultured bacteria and, if complemented by culture-independent physiological analyses, will help to target functional novelty more efficiently. However, numerous novel types of bacteria that were initially enriched subsequently escaped isolation. Future cultivation work will therefore need to focus on improved subcultivation, purification, and preservation techniques to recover and utilize a larger fraction of microbial diversity.

中文翻译:


培养细菌的现状与未来

细菌的培养高度偏向几个系统发生群体。许多目前未充分开发的细菌谱系可能具有新颖的生物合成途径和未知的生化特征。基于对先前未培养细菌的生态学的更好理解,已经开发出新的培养概念。特别成功的是模仿底物和营养物的自然类型和浓度的改良培养基,高通量培养技术以及利用生物膜形成和细菌相互作用的方法。元基因组学和单细胞基因组学可以揭示尚未培养细菌的未知代谢特征,并且,如果辅以与培养物无关的生理学分析,它们将有助于更有效地靶向功能性新奇事物。然而,最初富集了许多新颖的细菌,后来又逃脱了分离。因此,未来的培养工作将需要集中于改进的继代培养,纯化和保存技术,以回收和利用更大比例的微生物多样性。

更新日期:2017-09-08
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