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Microbial Expansins
Annual Review of Microbiology ( IF 8.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-08 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-micro-090816-093315
Daniel J. Cosgrove 1
Affiliation  

Expansins are small proteins that loosen plant cell walls and cellulosic materials without lytic activity. First discovered in plants, expansin genes are found in the genomes of numerous bacteria and fungi that interact with plants in pathogenic and mutualistic patterns, as well as in microbes that feed on plant debris. Horizontal gene transfer from plants to microbes and between microbes accounts for expansins’ irregular taxonomic distribution. Expansins facilitate plant colonization by Bacillus, Clavibacter, and Trichoderma species, a list likely to grow as knowledge of microbial expansin function deepens. Studies have documented a synergistic action of expansins for cellulose digestion by cellulases, but only rarely to an extent that is commercially relevant. Expansins’ biophysical actions remain enigmatic because of limited understanding of cell wall structure. Deeper understanding of microbial expansins may lead to novel approaches for biomass deconstruction and biocontrol of plant diseases.

中文翻译:


微生物扩展素

扩展蛋白是使植物细胞壁和纤维素材料松弛而没有裂解活性的小蛋白质。最早在植物中发现的扩展蛋白基因在以致病性和互惠性模式与植物相互作用的众多细菌和真菌的基因组中,以及在以植物碎片为食的微生物中均被发现。基因水平从植物到微生物的转移以及微生物之间的转移解释了expansins的不规则分类学分布。扩展酶通过芽孢杆菌锁骨杆菌和木霉菌促进植物定植物种,随着微生物扩展素功能的知识加深,这一清单可能会增加。研究表明,扩展酶对纤维素酶消化纤维素具有协同作用,但很少达到商业上相关的程度。由于对细胞壁结构的了解有限,Expansins的生物物理作用仍然难以捉摸。对微生物弹性蛋白的更深入的了解可能会导致新的方法对生物质的破坏和对植物病害的生物防治。

更新日期:2017-09-08
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