The co-evolution of humans and microbes that colonise the GI tract is shaped by environmental factors and evolved to promote health.1 Microbial derangements (termed dysbiosis) have been observed for a variety of intestinal and extraintestinal diseases.1 Metabolic, autoimmune, liver and intestinal disorders have been linked to microbial dysbiosis which promotes susceptibility to inflammatory disease in some cases as largely assessed in animal models.2 Intestinal dysbiosis has also been implicated in colorectal cancer3 and microbes may determine treatment response for non-intestinal malignancies.4 For more than 10 years, intestinal microbial alterations have been associated with localised radiation in humans and mouse models.5–8 Importantly, mice that lack colonisation of microbes (ie, raised germ free) were resistant to lethal radiation enteritis, indicating that the microbiota controls intestinal disease processes consequent to radiation-induced damage.9 In this context, however, the …

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微生物群：辐射引起的病变中被低估的参与者？

人类和在胃肠道中定殖的微生物的共同进化受环境因素的影响，并通过进化来促进健康。1 已经观察到各种肠道和肠外疾病的微生物紊乱（称为生态失调）1。代谢、自身免疫、肝脏和肠道疾病与微生物失调有关，这在某些情况下会促进炎症性疾病的易感性，这在动物模型中进行了大量评估。2 肠道失调也与结直肠癌有关 3，微生物可能决定非肠道恶性肿瘤的治疗反应。4 对于超过10 年来，在人类和小鼠模型中，肠道微生物的改变与局部辐射有关。 5-8 重要的是，缺乏微生物定植（即无菌饲养）的小鼠对致命的放射性肠炎有抵抗力，表明微生物群控制由辐射引起的损伤引起的肠道疾病过程。 9 然而，在这种情况下，……