Mammals maintain specific body temperatures (Tb) across a broad range of ambient temperatures. The energy required for thermoregulation ultimately comes from the diet, and so what animals eat is inextricably linked to thermoregulation. Endothermic herbivores must balance energy requirements and expenditure with complicated thermoregulatory challenges from changing thermal, nutritional and toxicological environments. In this review we provide evidence that plant‐based diets can influence thermoregulation beyond the control of herbivores, and that this can render them susceptible to heat stress. Notably, herbivorous diets often require specialised digestive systems, are imbalanced, and contain plant secondary metabolites (PSMs). PSMs in particular are able to interfere with the physiological processes responsible for thermoregulation, for example by uncoupling mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, binding to thermoreceptors, or because the pathways required to detoxify PSMs are thermogenic. It is likely, therefore, that increased ambient temperatures due to climate change may have greater and more‐specific impacts on herbivores than on other mammals, and that managing internal and external heat loads under these conditions could drive changes in feeding ecology.

中文翻译：

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草食动物的热午餐：高温对哺乳动物摄食生态的生理影响

哺乳动物在广泛的环境温度范围内保持特定的体温 (Tb)。体温调节所需的能量最终来自饮食，因此动物吃的食物与体温调节密不可分。吸热食草动物必须在能量需求和支出与来自不断变化的热、营养和毒理学环境的复杂体温调节挑战之间取得平衡。在这篇综述中，我们提供的证据表明，植物性饮食可以影响食草动物无法控制的体温调节，这会使它们容易受到热应激的影响。值得注意的是，草食性饮食通常需要专门的消化系统，是不平衡的，并且含有植物次生代谢物 (PSM)。特别是 PSM 能够干扰负责体温调节的生理过程，例如，通过解偶联线粒体氧化磷酸化、与热感受器结合，或者因为解毒 PSM 所需的途径是产热的。因此，与其他哺乳动物相比，气候变化导致的环境温度升高可能对食草动物产生更大和更具体的影响，并且在这些条件下管理内部和外部热负荷可能会推动摄食生态的变化。