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In search of morphological modules: a systematic review
Biological Reviews ( IF 11.0 ) Pub Date : 2016-06-01 , DOI: 10.1111/brv.12284
Borja Esteve-Altava 1, 2
Affiliation  

Morphological modularity arises in complex living beings due to a semi‐independent inheritance, development, and function of body parts. Modularity helps us to understand the evolvability and plasticity of organismal form, and how morphological variation is structured during evolution and development. For this reason, delimiting morphological modules and establishing the factors involved in their origins is a lively field of inquiry in biology today. Although it is thought that modularity is pervasive in all living beings, actually we do not know how often modularity is present in different morphological systems. We also do not know whether some methodological approaches tend to reveal modular patterns more easily than others, or whether some factors are more related to the formation of modules or the integration of the whole phenotype. This systematic review seeks to answer these type of questions through an examination of research investigating morphological modularity from 1958 to present. More than 200 original research articles were gathered in order to reach a quantitative appraisal on what is studied, how it is studied, and how the results are explained. The results reveal an heterogeneous picture, where some taxa, systems, and approaches are over‐studied, while others receive minor attention. Thus, this review points out various trends and gaps in the study of morphological modularity, offering a broad picture of current knowledge and where we can direct future research efforts.

中文翻译:

寻找形态学模块:系统评价

由于身体部位的半独立继承、发展和功能,形态模块化出现在复杂的生物中。模块化有助于我们理解生物体形态的可进化性和可塑性,以及在进化和发展过程中形态变异是如何构建的。因此,界定形态模块并确定其起源所涉及的因素是当今生物学中一个活跃的研究领域。尽管人们认为模块化在所有生物中普遍存在,但实际上我们不知道模块化在不同形态系统中出现的频率。我们也不知道某些方法论方法是否比其他方法更容易揭示模块模式,或者某些因素是否与模块的形成或整个表型的整合更相关。本系统综述旨在通过对 1958 年至今的形态模块性研究的检查来回答这些类型的问题。收集了 200 多篇原创研究文章,以对研究的内容、研究的方式以及结果的解释方式进行定量评估。结果揭示了一幅异质图,其中一些分类群、系统和方法被过度研究,而另一些则很少受到关注。因此,这篇综述指出了形态模块化研究中的各种趋势和差距,提供了当前知识的广泛图景,以及我们可以指导未来研究工作的方向。收集了 200 多篇原创研究文章,以对研究的内容、研究的方式以及结果的解释方式进行定量评估。结果揭示了一幅异质图,其中一些分类群、系统和方法被过度研究,而另一些则很少受到关注。因此,这篇综述指出了形态模块化研究中的各种趋势和差距,提供了当前知识的广泛图景,以及我们可以指导未来研究工作的方向。收集了 200 多篇原创研究文章,以对研究的内容、研究的方式以及结果的解释方式进行定量评估。结果揭示了一个异质的图景,其中一些分类群、系统和方法被过度研究,而另一些则很少受到关注。因此,这篇综述指出了形态模块化研究中的各种趋势和差距,提供了当前知识的广泛图景以及我们可以指导未来研究工作的方向。
更新日期:2016-06-01
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