Global land resources are under severe threat due to pollution and unsustainable land use practices. Restoring degraded land is imperative for regaining ecosystem services, such as biodiversity maintenance and nutrient and water cycling, and to meet the food, feed, fuel, and fibre requirements of present and future generations. While bioremediation is acknowledged as a promising technology for restoring polluted and degraded lands, its field potential is limited for various reasons. However, recent biotechnological advancements, including producing efficient microbial consortia, applying enzymes with higher degrees of specificity, and designing plants with specific microbial partners, are opening new prospects in remediation technology. This review provides insights into such promising ways to harness biotechnology as ecofriendly methods for remediation and restoration.

由于污染和不可持续的土地使用方式，全球土地资源正受到严重威胁。恢复退化土地对于恢复生态系统服务至关重要，例如恢复生物多样性维护以及养分和水循环，并满足今世后代对食物，饲料，燃料和纤维的需求。尽管生物修复被公认为是修复污染和退化土地的有前途的技术，但由于各种原因，其田间潜力有限。但是，最近的生物技术进步，包括产生有效的微生物聚生体，应用具有更高特异性的酶以及设计具有特定微生物伴侣的植物，为修复技术开辟了新的前景。