Electrically generated cold atmospheric plasma is being intensively researched for novel applications in biology and medicine. Significant attention is being given to reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS), initially generated upon plasma–air interactions, and subsequently delivered to biological systems. Effects of plasma exposure are observed to millimeter depths within tissue. However, the exact nature of the initial plasma–tissue interactions remains unknown, including RONS speciation and delivery depth, or how plasma-derived RONS intervene in biological processes. Herein, we focus on current research using tissue and cell models to learn more about the plasma delivery of RONS into biological environments. We argue that this research is vital in underpinning the knowledge required to realize the full potential of plasma in biology and medicine.

为了在生物学和医学中的新应用，正在对电产生的冷大气等离子体进行深入研究。人们开始对活性氧和氮物质（RONS）给予极大的关注，这些活性氧和氮物质最初是通过等离子体与空气的相互作用而产生的，然后被传递到生物系统中。观察到血浆暴露到组织内毫米深度的影响。但是，初始血浆与组织相互作用的确切性质仍然未知，包括RONS的形态和递送深度，或血浆来源的RONS如何干预生物过程。在这里，我们专注于使用组织和细胞模型的当前研究，以了解更多有关将RONS血浆递送到生物环境中的信息。