RNA editing is a post-transcriptional process that alters the nucleotide sequence of RNA transcripts to generate transcriptome diversity. Among the various types of RNA editing, adenosine-to-inosine (A-to-I) RNA editing is the most frequent type of RNA editing in mammals. Adenosine deaminases acting on RNA (ADAR) enzymes, ADAR1 and ADAR2, convert adenosines in double-stranded RNA structures into inosines by hydrolytic deamination. Inosine forms a base pair with cytidine as if it were guanosine; therefore, the conversion may affect the amino acid sequence, splicing, microRNA targeting, and miRNA maturation. It became apparent that disrupted RNA editing or abnormal ADAR expression is associated with several diseases including cancer, neurological disorders, metabolic diseases, viral infections, and autoimmune disorders. The biological significance of RNA editing in pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics (PK/PD)-related genes is starting to be demonstrated. The authors conducted pioneering studies to reveal that RNA editing modulates drug metabolism potencies in the human liver, as well as the response of cancer cells to chemotherapy agents. Awareness of the importance of RNA editing in drug therapy is growing. This review summarizes the current knowledge on the RNA editing that affects the expression and function of drug response-related genes. Continuing studies on the RNA editing that regulates pharmacokinetics/pharmacodynamics would provide new beneficial information for personalized medicine.

RNA编辑是转录后的过程，可改变RNA转录本的核苷酸序列以产生转录组多样性。在各种类型的RNA编辑中，腺苷-肌苷（A-I）RNA编辑是哺乳动物中最常见的RNA编辑类型。作用于RNA（ADAR）酶的腺苷脱氨酶ADAR1和ADAR2通过水解脱氨作用将双链RNA结构中的腺苷转化为肌苷。肌苷与胞嘧啶形成碱基对，就好像是鸟苷一样。因此，转化可能会影响氨基酸序列，剪接，microRNA靶向和miRNA成熟。很明显，RNA编辑的破坏或ADAR表达异常与多种疾病有关，包括癌症，神经系统疾病，代谢性疾病，病毒感染和自身免疫性疾病。RNA编辑在药代动力学/药效学（PK / PD）相关基因中的生物学意义已开始得到证实。作者进行了开创性研究，以揭示RNA编辑可调节人肝中的药物代谢潜能以及癌细胞对化疗药物的反应。人们越来越意识到RNA编辑在药物治疗中的重要性。这篇综述总结了有关影响药物反应相关基因的表达和功能的RNA编辑的最新知识。继续对调节药代动力学/药效学的RNA编辑进行研究，将为个性化医学提供新的有益信息。作者进行了开创性研究，以揭示RNA编辑可调节人肝中的药物代谢潜能以及癌细胞对化疗药物的反应。人们越来越意识到RNA编辑在药物治疗中的重要性。这篇综述总结了有关影响药物反应相关基因的表达和功能的RNA编辑的最新知识。继续对调节药代动力学/药效学的RNA编辑进行研究，将为个性化医学提供新的有益信息。作者进行了开创性研究，以揭示RNA编辑可调节人肝中的药物代谢潜能以及癌细胞对化疗药物的反应。人们越来越意识到RNA编辑在药物治疗中的重要性。这篇综述总结了有关影响药物反应相关基因的表达和功能的RNA编辑的最新知识。继续对调节药代动力学/药效学的RNA编辑进行研究，将为个性化医学提供新的有益信息。这篇综述总结了有关影响药物反应相关基因的表达和功能的RNA编辑的最新知识。继续对调节药代动力学/药效学的RNA编辑进行研究，将为个性化医学提供新的有益信息。这篇综述总结了有关影响药物反应相关基因的表达和功能的RNA编辑的最新知识。继续对调节药代动力学/药效学的RNA编辑进行研究，将为个性化医学提供新的有益信息。