Increased levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) α have been linked to a number of pulmonary inflammatory diseases including asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), acute lung injury (ALI)/acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), sarcoidosis, and interstitial pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). TNFα plays multiple roles in disease pathology by inducing an accumulation of inflammatory cells, stimulating the generation of inflammatory mediators, and causing oxidative and nitrosative stress, airway hyperresponsiveness and tissue remodeling. TNFα-targeting biologics, therefore, present a potentially highly efficacious treatment option. This review summarizes current knowledge on the role of TNFα in pulmonary disease pathologies, with a focus on the therapeutic potential of TNFα-targeting agents in treating inflammatory lung diseases.

肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）α水平的提高与多种肺炎性疾病有关，包括哮喘，慢性阻塞性肺病（COPD），急性肺损伤（ALI）/急性呼吸窘迫综合征（ARDS），结节病和间质性肺纤维化（IPF）。TNFα通过诱导炎性细胞积聚，刺激炎性介质的产生，引起氧化和亚硝化应激，气道高反应性和组织重塑，在疾病病理学中发挥多种作用。因此，靶向TNFα的生物制剂提供了潜在的高效治疗选择。这篇综述总结了关于TNFα在肺部疾病病理中的作用的当前知识，重点是TNFα靶向剂在治疗炎性肺部疾病中的治疗潜力。