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MicroRNA and chronic pain: From mechanisms to therapeutic potential
Pharmacology & Therapeutics ( IF 12.0 ) Pub Date : 2017-06-01 , DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2017.06.001
María José López-González , Marc Landry , Alexandre Favereaux

Chronic pain is a major public health issue with an incidence of 20–25% worldwide that can take different forms like neuropathic, cancer-related or inflammatory pain. Chronic pain often limits patients in their daily activities leading to despair. Thus, the goal of treatments is to relieve pain sufficiently to enable patients to go back to a normal life. Unfortunately, few patients with chronic pain obtain complete relief from the analgesics that are currently available. It is thus of prime importance to get a better understanding of chronic pain mechanisms to design new therapeutic strategies and pain-killers. In this sense, the study of microRNA (miRNAs) in chronic pain conditions could lead to a breakthrough in pain management. miRNAs have emerged as master regulators of gene expression in the nervous system where they contribute to neuronal network plasticity. The involvement of miRNAs in the maladaptive plasticity mechanisms of chronic pain is now well documented. Here, we review studies conducted in different animal models and in patients that screened chronic pain-related miRNAs and their targets. Clinical studies suggest that miRNAs expression could reflect the high variability among pain patients that could help to categorize patients and finally lead to personalized therapies. We also point out the different strategies investigated to design miRNA-based analgesics. Finally, we highlight the current miRNA-based clinical trials to hypothesize their potential as therapeutic tool for chronic pain.



中文翻译:

MicroRNA和慢性疼痛:从机理到治疗潜力

慢性疼痛是主要的公共卫生问题,在全球范围内,其发生率高达20%至25%,它可以采取不同形式,例如神经性疼痛,癌症相关性或炎性疼痛。慢性疼痛通常会限制患者的日常活动,从而导致绝望。因此,治疗的目的是充分减轻疼痛,使患者能够恢复正常生活。不幸的是,很少有慢性疼痛的患者能从目前可用的镇痛药中完全缓解。因此,最重要的是要更好地了解慢性疼痛机制,以设计新的治疗策略和止痛药。从这个意义上讲,在慢性疼痛条件下对microRNA(miRNA)的研究可能会导致疼痛管理方面的突破。miRNA已成为神经系统中基因表达的主要调节剂,它们在神经元网络可塑性中做出了贡献。miRNA在慢性疼痛的适应不良可塑性机制中的作用现已得到充分证明。在这里,我们回顾了在不同动物模型以及筛选慢性疼痛相关miRNA及其靶标的患者中进行的研究。临床研究表明,miRNA的表达可能反映出疼痛患者之间的高变异性,这可能有助于对患者进行分类并最终导致个性化疗法。我们还指出了设计基于miRNA的镇痛药所研究的不同策略。最后,我们重点介绍了目前基于miRNA的临床试验,以推测其作为慢性疼痛治疗工具的潜力。miRNA在慢性疼痛的适应不良可塑性机制中的作用现已得到充分证明。在这里,我们回顾了在不同动物模型以及筛选慢性疼痛相关miRNA及其靶标的患者中进行的研究。临床研究表明,miRNA的表达可能反映出疼痛患者之间的高变异性,这可能有助于对患者进行分类并最终导致个性化疗法。我们还指出了设计基于miRNA的镇痛药所研究的不同策略。最后,我们重点介绍了目前基于miRNA的临床试验,以推测其作为慢性疼痛治疗工具的潜力。miRNA在慢性疼痛的适应不良可塑性机制中的作用现已得到充分证明。在这里,我们回顾了在不同动物模型以及筛选慢性疼痛相关miRNA及其靶标的患者中进行的研究。临床研究表明,miRNA的表达可能反映出疼痛患者之间的高变异性,这可能有助于对患者进行分类并最终导致个性化疗法。我们还指出了设计基于miRNA的镇痛药所研究的不同策略。最后,我们重点介绍了目前基于miRNA的临床试验,以推测其作为慢性疼痛治疗工具的潜力。临床研究表明,miRNA的表达可能反映出疼痛患者之间的高变异性,这可能有助于对患者进行分类并最终导致个性化疗法。我们还指出了设计基于miRNA的镇痛药所研究的不同策略。最后,我们重点介绍了目前基于miRNA的临床试验,以推测其作为慢性疼痛治疗工具的潜力。临床研究表明,miRNA的表达可能反映出疼痛患者之间的高变异性,这可能有助于对患者进行分类并最终导致个性化疗法。我们还指出了设计基于miRNA的镇痛药所研究的不同策略。最后,我们重点介绍了目前基于miRNA的临床试验,以推测其作为慢性疼痛治疗工具的潜力。

更新日期:2017-06-01
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