Cytochrome P450 eicosanoids play important roles in brain function and disease through their complementary actions on cell-cell communications within the neurovascular unit (NVU) and mechanisms of brain injury. Epoxy- and hydroxyeicosanoids, respectively formed by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases and ω-hydroxylases, play opposing roles in cerebrovascular function and in pathological processes underlying neural injury, including ischemia, neuroinflammation and oxidative injury. P450 eicosanoids also contribute to cerebrovascular disease risk factors, including hypertension and diabetes. We summarize studies investigating the roles P450 eicosanoids in cerebrovascular physiology and disease to highlight the existing balance between these important lipid signaling molecules, as well as their roles in maintaining neurovascular homeostasis and in acute and chronic neurovascular and neurodegenerative disorders.

细胞色素 P450 类二十烷酸通过对神经血管单元 (NVU) 内细胞间通讯和脑损伤机制的互补作用，在脑功能和疾病中发挥重要作用。环氧类和羟基类二十烷酸分别由细胞色素 P450 环氧化酶和 ω-羟化酶形成，在脑血管功能和神经损伤（包括缺血、神经炎症和氧化损伤）的病理过程中发挥相反的作用。 P450 类二十烷酸还会导致脑血管疾病的危险因素，包括高血压和糖尿病。我们总结了研究 P450 类二十烷酸在脑血管生理学和疾病中的作用，以强调这些重要的脂质信号分子之间现有的平衡，以及它们在维持神经血管稳态以及在急性和慢性神经血管和神经退行性疾病中的作用。