The neurobiology of psychiatric disorders is still unclear, although changes in multiple neuronal systems, specifically the dopaminergic, glutamatergic, and gamma-aminobutyric acidergic systems as well as abnormalities in synaptic plasticity and neural connectivity, are currently suggested to underlie their pathophysiology. A growing body of evidence suggests multifaceted mitochondrial dysfunction in mental disorders, which is in line with their role in neuronal activity, growth, development, and plasticity. In this review, we describe the main endeavors toward development of treatments that will enhance mitochondrial function and their transition into clinical use in congenital mitochondrial diseases and chronic disorders such as types 1 and 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disorders, and cancer. In addition, we discuss the relevance of mitochondrial targeted treatments to mental disorders and their potential to become a novel therapeutic strategy that will improve the efficiency of the current treatments.

中文翻译：

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线粒体靶向治疗：我们在精神障碍中处于什么位置？

精神疾病的神经生物学仍不清楚，尽管目前认为多个神经元系统的变化，特别是多巴胺能、谷氨酸能和 γ-氨基丁酸能系统以及突触可塑性和神经连接的异常是其病理生理学的基础。越来越多的证据表明精神障碍中存在多方面的线粒体功能障碍，这与其在神经元活动、生长、发育和可塑性中的作用一致。在这篇综述中，我们描述了开发可增强线粒体功能的治疗方法及其在先天性线粒体疾病和慢性疾病（如 1 型和 2 型糖尿病、心血管疾病和癌症）中的临床应用的主要努力。此外，