Annual Review of Clinical Psychology ( IF 17.8 ) Pub Date : 2017-05-08 00:00:00 , DOI: 10.1146/annurev-clinpsy-021815-093015 Yoni K. Ashar 1 , Luke J. Chang 2 , Tor D. Wager 1, 3
Placebos are sham medical treatments. Nonetheless, they can have substantial effects on clinical outcomes. Placebos depend on a person's psychological and brain responses to the treatment context, which influence appraisals of future well-being. Appraisals are flexible cognitive evaluations of the personal meaning of events and situations that can directly impact symptoms and physiology. They also shape associative learning processes by guiding what is learned from experience. Appraisals are supported by a core network of brain regions associated with the default mode network involved in self-generated emotion, self-evaluation, thinking about the future, social cognition, and valuation of rewards and punishment. Placebo treatments for acute pain and a range of clinical conditions engage this same network of regions, suggesting that placebos affect behavior and physiology by changing how a person evaluates their future well-being and the personal significance of their symptoms.
中文翻译:
安慰剂作用的脑机制:情感评估帐户。
安慰剂是假药。尽管如此,它们可能对临床结果产生实质性影响。安慰剂取决于一个人对治疗环境的心理和大脑反应,这会影响对未来幸福感的评估。评估是对可以直接影响症状和生理机能的事件和情况的个人含义的灵活认知评估。他们还通过指导从经验中学到的东西来塑造联想学习过程。评估由与默认模式网络相关的大脑区域核心网络支持,该默认模式网络涉及自我产生的情绪,自我评估,对未来的思考,社会认知以及对奖励和惩罚的评估。安慰剂疗法用于治疗急性疼痛和一系列临床疾病,涉及相同的区域网络,