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Phase transformations in the relaxor Na1/2 Bi1/2 TiO3 studied by Means of density functional theory calculations
Journal of the American Ceramic Society ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2017-09-13 , DOI: 10.1111/jace.15207
Kai-Christian Meyer 1 , Leonie Koch 1 , Karsten Albe 1
Affiliation  

The relaxor material Na_1/2Bi_1/2TiO_3(NBT) is an important basis for the development of lead-free piezoceramics, but still many features of this material are not well understood. Here, we study the kinetics of phase transformations by octahedral tilts and A-cation displacements in NBT by means of density functional theory calculations, employing ab initio molecular dynamics and nudged elastic band calculations. Our results show that the energetic differences between the low temperature rhombohedral, intermediate orthorhombic and other metastable phases are close to the room temperature thermal energy. Therefore, it is likely that above room temperature, several octahedral tilt patterns are present simultaneously on the local scale, just because of thermal vibration of the oxygen ions. Octahedral tilt transformations and A-cation displacements show similarly high energy barriers, however, since the vibrational frequency of oxygen is higher, tilt transformations occur more frequently. Further, tilt transformations in which the oxygen octahedra get deformed the least are more probable to occur. We also find that the chemical A-cation order affects energy barriers, influences the coupling between rotational and displacive modes and determines the stability of certain octahedral tilt orders. We conclude that the so-called polar nanoregions in this material result from local octahedral tilt transformations and subsequent A-cation displacements, which are driven by thermal vibration and are mediated by the underlying chemical order.

中文翻译:

通过密度泛函理论计算研究弛豫 Na1/2 Bi1/2 TiO3 中的相变

弛豫材料Na_1/2Bi_1/2TiO_3(NBT)是无铅压电陶瓷发展的重要基础,但该材料的许多特性仍不清楚。在这里,我们通过密度泛函理论计算,采用从头算分子动力学和轻推弹性带计算来研究 NBT 中八面体倾斜和 A 阳离子位移的相变动力学。我们的结果表明,低温菱形、中间正交相和其他亚稳相之间的能量差异接近室温热能。因此,很可能在室温以上,由于氧离子的热振动,局部尺度上同时存在几个八面体倾斜模式。八面体倾斜变换和 A 阳离子位移显示出类似的高能垒,然而,由于氧的振动频率更高,倾斜变换发生得更频繁。此外,更可能发生氧八面体变形最小的倾斜变换。我们还发现化学 A 阳离子顺序影响能垒,影响旋转和位移模式之间的耦合,并决定某些八面体倾斜顺序的稳定性。我们得出结论,这种材料中所谓的极性纳米区域是由局部八面体倾斜转变和随后的 A 阳离子位移引起的,这些位移由热振动驱动并由潜在的化学顺序介导。倾斜变换发生得更频繁。此外,更可能发生氧八面体变形最小的倾斜变换。我们还发现化学 A 阳离子顺序影响能垒,影响旋转和位移模式之间的耦合,并决定某些八面体倾斜顺序的稳定性。我们得出结论,这种材料中所谓的极性纳米区域是由局部八面体倾斜转变和随后的 A 阳离子位移引起的,这些位移由热振动驱动并由潜在的化学顺序介导。倾斜变换发生得更频繁。此外,更可能发生氧八面体变形最小的倾斜变换。我们还发现化学 A 阳离子顺序影响能垒,影响旋转和位移模式之间的耦合,并决定某些八面体倾斜顺序的稳定性。我们得出结论,这种材料中所谓的极性纳米区域是由局部八面体倾斜转变和随后的 A 阳离子位移引起的,这些位移由热振动驱动并由潜在的化学顺序介导。影响旋转和位移模式之间的耦合并确定某些八面体倾斜顺序的稳定性。我们得出结论,这种材料中所谓的极性纳米区域是由局部八面体倾斜转变和随后的 A 阳离子位移引起的,这些位移由热振动驱动并由潜在的化学顺序介导。影响旋转和位移模式之间的耦合并确定某些八面体倾斜顺序的稳定性。我们得出结论,这种材料中所谓的极性纳米区域是由局部八面体倾斜转变和随后的 A 阳离子位移引起的,这些位移由热振动驱动并由潜在的化学顺序介导。
更新日期:2017-09-13
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