Taxonomic and functional changes to the composition of the gut microbiome have been implicated in multiple human diseases. Recent microbiome genome-wide association studies reveal that variants in many human genes involved in immunity and gut architecture are associated with an altered composition of the gut microbiome. Although many factors can affect the microbial organisms residing in the gut, a number of recent findings support the hypothesis that certain host genetic variants predispose an individual towards microbiome dysbiosis. This condition, in which the normal microbiome population structure is disturbed, is a key feature in disorders of metabolism and immunity.

中文翻译：

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人类遗传变异与疾病中的肠道微生物组

肠道微生物组组成的分类和功能改变已牵涉到多种人类疾病中。最近的微生物组全基因组关联研究表明，许多人类基因中涉及免疫力和肠道结构的变异与肠道微生物组组成的改变有关。尽管许多因素会影响肠道中的微生物，但许多最新发现支持以下假设：某些宿主遗传变异会使个体容易发生微生物组营养不良。正常微生物群结构受到干扰的这种状况是新陈代谢和免疫紊乱的关键特征。