Partial modulation via a pulsed flow valve for comprehensive two-dimensional (2D) gas chromatography (GC × GC) is demonstrated, producing narrow peak widths, ²W_b, on the secondary separation dimension, ²D, coupled with short modulation periods, P_M, thus producing a high peak capacity on the ²D dimension, ²n_c. The GC × GC modulator is a pulse flow valve that injects a pulse of carrier gas at the specified P_M, at the connection between the primary, ¹D, column and the ²D column. Using a commercially available pulse flow valve, this injection technique performs a combination of vacancy chromatography and frontal analysis, whereby each pulse disturbance in the analyte concentration profile as it exits the ¹D column results in data that is readily converted into a ²D separation. A three-step process converts the raw data into a format analogous to a GC × GC separation, incorporating signal differentiation, baseline correction and conversion to a GC × GC chromatogram representation. A 115-component test mixture with a wide range of boiling points (36–372 °C) of nine compound classes is demonstrated using modulation periods of P_M = 50, 100, 250, and 500 ms, respectively. For the test mixture with a P_M of 250 ms, peak shapes on ²D are symmetric with apparent ²W_b ranging from 12 to 45 ms producing a ²n_c of ~ 10. Based on the average peak width of 0.93 s on the ¹D separation for a time window of 400 s, the ¹D peak capacity is ¹n_c ∼ 430. Thus, the ideal 2D peak capacity n_c,2D is 4300 or a peak capacity production of 650 peaks/min using the P_M of 250 ms. Additionally, for a P_M of 50, 100 and 500 ms, the ²n_c are 4, 7, and 12, respectively. Retention times on ²D, ²t_R, are reproducible having standard deviations less than 1 ms. Finally, the processed data is shown to be quantitative, with an average RSD of 4.7% for test analytes.

演示了通过脉冲流量阀进行的部分调制，以进行全面的二维（2D）气相色谱（GC×GC），在二级分离尺寸² D上产生了窄的峰宽² W _b，同时调制时间较短，P _M，从而在² D维² n _c上产生高峰值容量。GC×GC调节器是一种脉冲流量阀，可在指定的P _M处在主色谱柱，¹ D色谱柱和色谱柱²之间的连接处注入一个载气脉冲。D列。使用市售的脉冲流量阀，该注射技术来执行空缺色谱和前沿分析，由此在所述分析物的浓度分布的每个脉冲的干扰，因为它离开的组合¹在被容易地转换成一个数据d柱结果² d的分离。一个三步过程将原始数据转换为类似于GC×GC分离的格式，包括信号微分，基线校正和转换为GC×GC色谱图表示。分别使用P _M = 50、100、250和500 ms的调制周期，演示了具有9种化合物的沸点范围广（36–372°C）的115组分测试混合物。对于带有P的测试混合物_M为250 ms，² D上的峰形是对称的，表观² W _b为12至45 ms，产生² n _c约为10。基于时间窗口的¹ D分离的平均峰宽为0.93 s的400秒，¹ d峰容量为¹ ñ _ç〜430因此，理想2D峰值容量ñ _C，2D是4300或使用的峰值容量生产的650个峰/分钟P_中号的250毫秒。此外，对于50、100和500 ms的P _M，² n _c分别是4、7和12。在² D，² t _R上的保留时间是可重现的，标准偏差小于1 ms。最后，处理后的数据显示为定量数据，测试分析物的平均RSD为4.7％。